Sutra 48
Devanagari script
कूटरूपं कारयतः प्रतिगृह्णतो निर्यापयतो वा सहस्रं दण्डः कोशे प्रक्षिपतो वधः ॥ कZ_०४.१.४८ ॥
Transliteration
kūṭarūpaṃ kārayataḥ pratigṛhṇato niryāpayato vā sahasraṃ daṇḍaḥ kośe prakṣipato vadhaḥ
Translation
偽貨／偽の金属形（kūṭarūpa）を作らせる者、またはそれを受け取る者、または流通させる者の罰金は一千［paṇa］である。だが、それを王庫（kośa）に納める者の刑罰は死である。
Word by Word
कूट-रूपम्a forged/false form (disguise, falsified appearance)
कूट-रूपम्:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootकूट; रूप
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया (कर्म)
कारयतःof one who causes (it) to be made/done
कारयतः:
TypeVerb (causative participle)
Rootकृ (णिच्)
Formवर्तमाने कृदन्तः (शतृ-प्रत्ययः), परस्मैपदी-प्रयोगः; षष्ठी/सप्तमी?—प्रयोगतः षष्ठी एकवचन (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धे) ‘of one who causes to be made/done’
प्रतिगृह्णतःof one who accepts/receives
प्रतिगृह्णतः:
TypeVerb (present participle)
Rootग्रह् (प्रति-√ग्रह्)
Formवर्तमाने कृदन्तः (शतृ), परस्मैपदी; षष्ठी एकवचन (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धे)
निर्यापयतःof one who causes (something) to be taken out/issued
निर्यापयतः:
TypeVerb (causative participle)
Rootया (निर्-√या) / causative निर्यापय-
Formवर्तमाने कृदन्तः (शतृ), णिच्-प्रयोगः; षष्ठी एकवचन (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धे)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive ‘or’)
सहस्रम्a thousand (as the amount of the fine)
सहस्रम्:
TypeNoun/Number
Rootसहस्र
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया (दण्ड-विशेषणम्/प्रमाणम्)
दण्डःpunishment; (here) a fine
दण्डः:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (विधेय)
कोशेin/into the treasury
कोशे:
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सप्तमी (अधिकरण)
प्रक्षिपतःof one who deposits/puts (it) in
प्रक्षिपतः:
TypeVerb (present participle)
Rootक्षिप् (प्र-√क्षिप्)
Formवर्तमाने कृदन्तः (शतृ), परस्मैपदी; षष्ठी एकवचन (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धे)
वधःexecution; death penalty
वधः:
TypeNoun
Rootवध
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (विधेय)
Entities Mentioned
K
kośa (state treasury)C
counterfeiters/handlers (kūṭarūpa actors)FAQs
It directly attacks the state’s fiscal base and monetary authority; corrupting the treasury compromises salaries, procurement, and state capacity—hence a maximal deterrent.
A chain-liability approach: penalize all key nodes in the counterfeit supply chain to prevent ‘plausible deniability’ and reduce market demand for fakes.