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Sutra 8

Devanagari script

समाहर्तृप्रदिष्टाश्च गृहपतिकव्यञ्जना येषु ग्रामेषु प्रणिहितास्तेषां ग्रामाणां क्षेत्रगृहकुलाग्रं विद्युः मानसंजाताभ्यां क्षेत्राणि भोगपरिहाराभ्यां गृहाणि वर्णकर्मभ्यां कुलानि च ॥ कZ_०२.३५.०८ ॥

Transliteration

samāhartṛpradiṣṭāś ca gṛhapatika-vyañjanā yeṣu grāmeṣu praṇihitās teṣāṃ grāmāṇāṃ kṣetra-gṛha-kulāgraṃ vidyuḥ; māna-saṃjātābhyāṃ kṣetrāṇi, bhoga-parihārābhyāṃ gṛhāṇi, varṇa-karmabhyāṃ kulāni ca

Translation

徴収総監（samāhartṛ）の指示により、戸主や商人に偽装して村々に潜入させた者は、それらの村の田地・家屋・家族（世帯）の総数を把握すべきである。田地は測量と収穫高によって、家屋は居住・使用状況と免除・減免によって、世帯は身分区分と職業によって把握する。

Word by Word
समाहर्तृ-प्रदिष्टाः(those) instructed/appointed by the Samāhartṛ
समाहर्तृ-प्रदिष्टाः:
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootप्र-√दिश्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त) ‘प्रदिष्ट’ = instructed/assigned; समाहर्तृ- (gen. relation)
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय
गृहपति-क-व्यञ्जनाःbearing the credentials/marks of the village householders (headmen)
गृहपति-क-व्यञ्जनाः:
TypeNoun (adjectival)
Root√व्यञ्ज् (व्यञ्जना)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; ‘व्यञ्जन’ = mark/indicator; ‘गृहपति-क’ = connected with/pertaining to householders (village heads)
येwho/which (persons)
ये:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक (relative pronoun)
षुin (locative plural ending)
षु:
TypeCase-ending segment
Root(enclitic of locative plural)
Form‘ग्रामेषु’ इत्यस्य विभक्त्यन्त-अवयवः (सप्तमी-बहुवचन)
ग्रामेषुin the villages
ग्रामेषु:
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-बहुवचन
प्रणिहिताःposted/assigned
प्रणिहिताः:
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootप्र-√धा (निहित) / √हिता (as ‘placed’)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त) ‘प्रणिहित’ = posted/placed/assigned
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-बहुवचन
ग्रामाणाम्of the villages
ग्रामाणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-बहुवचन
क्षेत्र-गृह-कुल-अग्रम्the complete particulars/aggregate of fields, houses, and families
क्षेत्र-गृह-कुल-अग्रम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअग्र
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-एकवचन; ‘अग्रम्’ = foremost/total/summary; members: क्षेत्र, गृह, कुल
विद्युःthey should know/ascertain
विद्युः:
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (to know)
Formलोट्/विधिलिङ्?; परस्मैपद; 3rd person plural; injunctional sense ‘they should know/ascertain’ (contextual optative/imperative)
मान-संजाताभ्याम्by (data) derived from measurement/assessment
मान-संजाताभ्याम्:
TypeNoun/Adjective (compound)
Rootसंजात
Formनपुंसक/पुं?; तृतीया-द्विवचन; ‘मान’ (measurement/assessment) + ‘संजात’ (arisen/derived) = ‘arising from measurement/assessment’
क्षेत्राणिfields
क्षेत्राणि:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्र
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-बहुवचन
भोग-परिहाराभ्याम्by (records of) occupancy/enjoyment and exemptions/remissions
भोग-परिहाराभ्याम्:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootपरिहार
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया-द्विवचन; भोग + परिहार
गृहाणिhouses
गृहाणि:
TypeNoun
Rootगृह
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-बहुवचन
वर्ण-कर्मभ्याम्by (their) social category and occupation
वर्ण-कर्मभ्याम्:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootकर्मन्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया-द्विवचन; वर्ण + कर्म
कुलानिfamilies/households
कुलानि:
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-बहुवचन
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय
Entities Mentioned
S
samāhartṛ (Collector-General)
P
planted agents (praṇihita)
V
villages
H
householders and traders (cover identities)

FAQs

Area alone can be manipulated; yield cross-validates productivity and helps detect underreporting, crop concealment, or fraudulent classification.

Occupancy/use reveals real economic status, while exemptions/remissions are common leakage points; pairing them enables audit of privilege claims.

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