Sutra 15

Devanagari script

अह्नश्चाष्टमे भागे पण्याध्यक्षस्यार्पयेयुः इदं विक्रीतमिदं शेषमिति ॥ कZ_०२.१६.१५ ॥

Transliteration

ahnaś cāṣṭame bhāge paṇyādhyakṣasyārpayeyuḥ idaṃ vikrītam idaṃ śeṣam iti

Translation

日中の八分の一の時刻（毎日の定時）に、彼らは交易監督官に「これは売れた、これは残っている」と報告を提出すべきである。

Word by Word

• अह्नः: of the day / during the day (genitive used in time-expression)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन्
• Form: षष्ठी-एकवचनम् (पुं); 'अहन्' = day

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम्

• अष्टमे: in the eighth
• Type: Adjective (Ordinal)
• Root: अष्टम
• Form: सप्तमी-एकवचनम् (पुं/नपुं); 'अष्टम' = eighth

• भागे: part/portion (i.e., time-slot/segment)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाग
• Form: सप्तमी-एकवचनम् (पुं); locus/time-division

• पण्याध्यक्षस्य: of the Superintendent of Trade (market superintendent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पण्याध्यक्ष
• Form: षष्ठी-एकवचनम् (पुं); पण्य + अध्यक्ष

• अर्पयेयुः: they should hand over / submit
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्प्
• Form: लिङ् (विधिलिङ्), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथम-पुरुषः, बहुवचनम्; causative/ṇic-form: अर्पयति

• इदम्: this
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (नपुं); deictic pronoun

• विक्रीतम्: sold
• Type: Participle (Past Passive Participle)
• Root: वि + क्री
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (नपुं); 'sold'

• इदम्: this
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (नपुं)

• शेषम्: the remainder / balance (unsold stock)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: शेष
• Form: प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (नपुं); 'remainder/balance'

• इति: thus (saying/indicating)
• Type: Particle/Quotative
• Root: इति
• Form: उद्धरण/वाक्य-समाप्ति-अव्ययम्

Entities Mentioned

• paṇyādhyakṣa (Superintendent of Trade)
• market officers

More Details

FAQs

Why mandate a specific time for reporting?

A fixed reporting window reduces discretion, prevents delayed manipulation, and enables routine audits.

What is the core administrative intent of ‘sold vs remaining’?

To reconcile cash receipts with inventory movement, detecting theft, under-reporting, or collusive pricing.