Adhyakshaprachara Adhyaya 1 Sutra 32 - Arthashastra | Japanese | Vedapath

Kautilya

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Sutra 32

Devanagari script

वानप्रस्थादन्यः प्रव्रजितभावः सजातादन्यः संघः सामुत्थायिकादन्यः समयानुबन्धो वा नास्य जनपदमुपनिविशेत ॥ कZ_०२.०१.३२ ॥

Transliteration

vānaprasthād anyaḥ pravrajitabhāvaḥ sajātād anyaḥ saṃghaḥ sāmutthāyikād anyaḥ samayānubandho vā nāsya janapadam upaniviśeta

Translation

王の地方には、ヴァーナプラスタ（vānaprastha）以外の出家遁世の一団、地元の血縁・共同体に属さない者から成る僧団（saṃgha）、および正当な協同組合（sāmutthāyika）以外の契約・盟約で結ばれた集団が定住することを許してはならない。

Word by Word

वानप्रस्थात्from a vānaprastha (forest-dweller)

अन्यःanother/different (person)

प्रव्रजित-भावःone having the status/condition of a renunciant

सजातात्from one of the same kind/stock (same community)

अन्यःanother/different

संघःan association/collective (corporate body)

सामुत्थायिकात्from a collectively arisen/collectively formed (group/undertaking)

अन्यःanother/different

समय-अनुबन्धःa bond based on an agreement/compact (contractual tie)

वाor

नnot

अस्यof him/of this (king/state)

जनपदम्the territory/realm (country)

उपनिविशेतshould settle/establish himself (in)

Entities Mentioned

vānaprastha

pravrajita groups

saṃgha (association)

sāmutthāyika (cooperative)

samaya-anubandha collectives

janapada (countryside)

FAQs

Why restrict outside saṃghas and pact-bound groups from settling?

They can form autonomous power centers, mobilize followers, and undermine taxation, policing, and loyalty—creating ‘state within a state’ risks.

Why exempt vānaprasthas and recognized cooperatives?

They are treated as less politically disruptive: vānaprasthas are socially legible and limited, while cooperatives can be economically productive and monitorable.