Sutra 5
Devanagari script
योऽर्थः शत्रुवृद्धिमप्राप्तः करोति प्राप्तः प्रत्यादेयः परेषां भवति प्राप्यमाणो वा क्षयव्ययोदयो भवति स भवत्यापदर्थः ॥ कZ_०९.७.०५ ॥
Transliteration
yo'rthaḥ śatruvṛddhim aprāptaḥ karoti prāptaḥ pratyādeyaḥ pareṣāṃ bhavati prāpyamāṇo vā kṣayavyayodayo bhavati sa bhavaty āpadarthaḥ
Translation
「利得」は次の場合に āpad-artha（危機を伴う利得）となる。すなわち、獲得前に敵の増長を招くとき、獲得後に返還を余儀なくされるか他者の所有となるとき、または獲得の途上で消耗・過大な出費・危険な激化を生むときである—そのような利得が āpad-artha である。
Word by Word
यःwhich, that (one) who/which
यः:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formsarvanāma; puṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā ekavacanam
अर्थःwealth, resources; an interest/object
अर्थः:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
Formpuṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā ekavacanam
शत्रु-वृद्धिम्enemy’s increase/growth
शत्रु-वृद्धिम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्धि
Formstrīliṅgaḥ; dvitīyā ekavacanam; śatru- (genitive relation) + vṛddhi
अप्राप्तःnot obtained, not yet received
अप्राप्तः:
TypeParticiple
Rootप्र-आप्
Formbhūta-kṛdanta (kta); nañ-samāsa/negation with a-; puṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā ekavacanam; ‘not obtained/not yet received’
करोतिcauses, makes, brings about
करोति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formlaṭ; parasmaipada; prathamaḥ puruṣaḥ; ekavacanam
प्राप्तःobtained, received
प्राप्तः:
TypeParticiple
Rootप्र-आप्
Formbhūta-kṛdanta (kta); puṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā ekavacanam
प्रत्यादेयःto be taken back; reclaimable
प्रत्यादेयः:
TypeGerundive
Rootप्रति-आ-दा
Formkṛtya (ya); puṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā ekavacanam; ‘to be taken back/withdrawn’
परेषाम्of others, belonging to others
परेषाम्:
TypePronoun/Adjective (used pronominally)
Rootपर
Formṣaṣṭhī bahuvacanam (genitive plural)
भवतिbecomes, is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formlaṭ; parasmaipada; prathamaḥ puruṣaḥ; ekavacanam
प्राप्यमाणःbeing obtained; in the course of being acquired
प्राप्यमाणः:
TypeParticiple
Rootप्र-आप्
Formvartamāna-kṛdanta (śāna); ātmanepada sense; puṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā ekavacanam; ‘being obtained/while being acquired’
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formavyaya; vikalpa-artha (‘or’)
क्षय-व्यय-उदयःloss, expense, and gain/rise
क्षय-व्यय-उदयः:
TypeNoun
Rootउदय
Formpuṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā ekavacanam; ‘kṣaya + vyaya + udaya’ as a single nominal aggregate
भवतिoccurs, becomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formlaṭ; parasmaipada; prathamaḥ puruṣaḥ; ekavacanam
सःthat (one), he/it
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formsarvanāma; puṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā ekavacanam
भवतिis, becomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formlaṭ; parasmaipada; prathamaḥ puruṣaḥ; ekavacanam
आपद्-अर्थःwealth/resource for emergency; distress-fund
आपद्-अर्थः:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
Formpuṃliṅgaḥ; prathamā ekavacanam; ‘āpadaḥ (genitive sense) + arthaḥ’
Entities Mentioned
Ś
śatru (enemy)P
pare (others/third parties)FAQs
A pyrrhic gain: an advantage whose acquisition or retention predictably generates strategic liabilities, costs, or reversals.
Evaluate not only the value of the asset, but the acquisition path, holding costs, reversibility, and rival empowerment effects.