Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 7

दमयन्त्याः अरण्यविहारः — Damayantī’s Passage through the Wilderness

दमयन्त्येकवस्त्राथ गच्छन्तं पृष्ठतो5न्वगात्‌ । स तया बाह्ुतः सार्थ त्रिरात्रं नैघधोडवसत्‌,दमयन्तीके शरीरपर भी एक ही वस्त्र था। वह जाते हुए राजा नलके पीछे हो ली। वे उसके साथ नगरसे बाहर तीन राततक टिके रहे

damayanty ekavastrātha gacchantaṁ pṛṣṭhato 'nvagāt | sa tayā bāhutaḥ sārtha trirātraṁ naiṣadho 'vasat |

Bṛhadaśva said: Then Damayantī, clad in a single garment, followed behind as King Nala went on. The Niṣadha king, taking her along, stayed outside the city for three nights. The verse underscores steadfast marital fidelity and compassion amid abandonment and hardship: Damayantī does not retaliate or despair, but chooses loyal accompaniment even when her husband is diminished and displaced.

दमयन्तीDamayanti
दमयन्ती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदमयन्ती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
एक-वस्त्राwearing a single garment
एक-वस्त्रा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएकवस्त्र
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
गच्छन्तम्going (him who was going)
गच्छन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
पृष्ठतःfrom behind / behind
पृष्ठतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृष्ठतस्
अन्वगात्followed
अन्वगात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-गम्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तयाwith her / by her
तया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
बहुतःfor long / much
बहुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहु
स-अर्थम्together with (her)
स-अर्थम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसार्थ
त्रि-रात्रम्for three nights
त्रि-रात्रम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिरात्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नैघधःthe king of Nishadha (Nala)
नैघधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनैघध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अवसत्stayed / dwelt
अवसत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवस्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

बृहृदश्च उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
D
Damayantī
N
Nala (Naiṣadha king)
C
city (nagara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights steadfastness in dharma under adversity: Damayantī’s loyalty and care persist even when Nala is reduced to hardship, suggesting that ethical commitment is tested—and proven—most in suffering.

As Nala departs in a distressed state, Damayantī—poorly clothed—follows him from behind. Nala remains with her outside the city for three nights, marking a liminal phase of exile and uncertainty before further separation and trials.