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Shloka 12

कथं रिपुवशं यातौ कुन्तीपुत्रौ महाबलौ । यौ सर्वास्त्राप्रतिहती भीमसेनधनंजयौ,धर्मपुत्रो महाबाहुर्विललाप सुविस्तरम्‌ । अर्जुन मरे पड़े थे; उनके धनुष-बाण इधर-उधर बिखरे थे। भीमसेन और नकुल-सहदेव भी प्राणरहित हो निश्रेष्ट हो गये थे। इन सबको देखकर युधिष्ठिर गरम-गरम लंबी साँसें खींचने लगे। उनके नेत्रोंसे शोकके आँसू उमड़कर उन्हें भिगो रहे थे। अपने समस्त भ्राताओंको इस प्रकार धराशायी हुए देख महाबाह धर्मपुत्र युधिष्ठिर गहरी चिन्तामें डूब गये और देरतक विलाप करते रहे-- “कुन्तीके ये दोनों महाबली पुत्र भीमसेन और अर्जुन--जो किसी भी अस्त्रसे प्रतिहत न होनेवाले, समरांगणमें उन्मत्त होकर लड़नेवाले तथा सदैव शत्रुओंका संहार करनेवाले वीर थे, वे आज सहसा शत्रुके अधीन कैसे हो गये?

vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca |

kathaṃ ripuvaśaṃ yātau kuntīputrau mahābalau |

yau sarvāstrapratihatī bhīmasenadhanaṃjayau ||

dharmaputro mahābāhur vilalāpa suvistaram ||

Vaiśaṃpāyana said: “How have the mighty sons of Kuntī fallen under the enemy’s power—Bhīmasena and Dhanaṃjaya, who are unassailable by any weapon?” Seeing his brothers laid low, the strong-armed Dharmaputra (Yudhiṣṭhira) was overwhelmed by grief and lamented at length. The passage underscores the shock of apparent defeat of the righteous and the moral anguish of a leader who must face calamity without losing steadiness in dharma.

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
रिपु-वशम्into the enemy's control
रिपु-वशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरिपुवश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यातौhave gone / came to be
यातौ:
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
FormPerfect, 3rd, Dual
कुन्ती-पुत्रौthe two sons of Kunti
कुन्ती-पुत्रौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्तीपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
महा-बलौvery mighty
महा-बलौ:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
यौwho (the two who)
यौ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
सर्व-अस्त्र-अप्रतिहतीunrepulsed by all weapons
सर्व-अस्त्र-अप्रतिहती:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वास्त्राप्रतिहतिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
भीमसेन-धनंजयौBhimasena and Dhananjaya (Arjuna)
भीमसेन-धनंजयौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन + धनंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
धर्म-पुत्रःthe son of Dharma (Yudhishthira)
धर्म-पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महा-बाहुःmighty-armed
महा-बाहुः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विललापlamented
विललाप:
TypeVerb
Rootलप् (धातु) + वि
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
सु-विस्तरम्at great length
सु-विस्तरम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसुविस्तर

वैशग्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
K
Kuntī
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
D
Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna)
D
Dharmaputra (Yudhiṣṭhira)
R
ripu (enemy)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical shock when seemingly invincible, dharma-aligned heroes meet sudden reversal. It frames Yudhiṣṭhira’s grief as a human response, while implicitly pointing to the Mahābhārata’s larger lesson: strength and merit do not guarantee worldly outcomes, and one must confront adversity without abandoning dharma.

Vaiśaṃpāyana narrates Yudhiṣṭhira’s reaction on seeing his brothers overcome. He laments in disbelief that Bhīma and Arjuna—renowned as uncheckable by weapons—have somehow come under an enemy’s power, and he continues mourning at length.