Shloka 15

द्विजातयो महा भागा वृद्धबालतपस्थविषु । भवन्त्यक्रोधना: प्रायो हापराद्धेषु नित्यदा,“वृद्ध, बालक और तपस्वीजन यदि कोई अपराध कर दें, तो भी आप-जैसे महाभाग ब्राह्मण प्रायः कभी उनपर क्रोध नहीं करते

dvijātayo mahābhāgā vṛddhabālatapasthaviṣu | bhavanty akrodhanāḥ prāyo hāparāddheṣu nityadā ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “O greatly fortunate brāhmaṇas, those who are twice-born are, for the most part, free from anger—especially toward the aged, toward children, and toward ascetics. Even when such persons commit a fault, you do not habitually become wrathful with them.”

द्विजातयःtwice-born (Brahmins)
द्विजातयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महाgreat
महा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भागाःfortunate ones
भागाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वृद्धthe old
वृद्ध:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
बालchildren
बाल:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्थविषुamong elders/aged persons
स्थविषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्थविर
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
भवन्तिare/become
भवन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Plural
अक्रोधनाःnot prone to anger
अक्रोधनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्रोधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रायःgenerally/for the most part
प्रायः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रायस्
हाalas/indeed (exclamation)
हा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहा
अपराद्धेषुin/among those who have offended; in cases of offense
अपराद्धेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअपराद्ध
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
नित्यदाalways
नित्यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्यदा

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
dvijāti (twice-born/brāhmaṇas)
V
vṛddha (elders)
B
bāla (children)
T
tapasvin/tapasthin (ascetics)

Educational Q&A

The verse praises the ethical ideal of akrodha (freedom from anger) and kṣamā (forbearance): a noble twice-born person, especially a brāhmaṇa, should restrain anger and show leniency toward elders, children, and ascetics—even when they commit mistakes.

Vaiśampāyana, as narrator, characterizes the conduct of the dvijātis as generally non-wrathful, highlighting a social and moral norm: those regarded as vulnerable or spiritually dedicated (the aged, the young, and ascetics) are not to be met with harsh anger even if they offend.