Shloka 28
ततः प्रावर्तत पुन: संग्राम: कटुकोदय: । रामरावणसैन्यानामन्योन्यमभिधावताम्,तदनन्तर श्रीराम और रावणकी सेनाओंमें परस्पर आक्रमणपूर्वक भीषण संग्राम आरम्भ हो गया जो कटु परिणामका जनक था
tataḥ prāvartata punaḥ saṅgrāmaḥ kaṭukodayaḥ | rāmarāvaṇasainyānām anyonyam abhidhāvatām |
Then the battle began again—fierce and foreboding in its outcome—as the armies of Rāma and Rāvaṇa rushed upon one another in mutual assault. The narrative underscores how renewed aggression, once unleashed, tends to ripen into bitter consequences for all involved.
मार्कण्डेय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights the moral gravity of renewed aggression: once hostility is re-ignited, it tends to generate ‘bitter outcomes’ (kaṭukodayaḥ). Even when war is framed within kṣatriya contexts, the text signals the inevitability of painful consequences when mutual assault becomes the chosen path.
Mārkaṇḍeya describes the fighting resuming: the forces of Rāma and Rāvaṇa charge at each other, and a terrifying battle begins again, characterized as leading to harsh results.