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Shloka 6

Karṇa-kuṇḍala-kavaca-jijñāsā; Kuntibhoja’s hospitality and Pṛthā’s appointment (कर्णकुण्डलकवचजिज्ञासा)

युद्धशास्त्रविधानज्ञ उशना इव चापर: । व्यूह्ू चौशनसं व्यूहं हरीनभ्यवहारयत्‌,वह दूसरे शुक्राचार्यके समान युद्धशास्त्रके विधानका ज्ञाता था। उसने शुक्राचार्यके मतके अनुसार व्यूह-रचना करके सब वानरोंको घेर लिया

yuddhaśāstravidhānajña uśanā iva cāparaḥ | vyūhaṃ cāuśanasaṃ vyūhaṃ harīn abhyavahārayat ||

Mārkaṇḍeya said: “He was a master of the ordinances of the science of war, like another Uśanā (Śukrācārya). Forming a battle-array in accordance with Uśanā’s doctrine, he pressed in upon the monkeys and enclosed them on all sides.”

युद्धशास्त्रविधानज्ञःknower of the rules of the science of warfare
युद्धशास्त्रविधानज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुद्ध-शास्त्र-विधान-ज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उशनाUśanā (Śukra)
उशना:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउशना (उशनस्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपरःanother (one)
अपरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यूह्यhaving arrayed/formed (a battle formation)
व्यूह्य:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यूह्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), non-finite
चौशनम्belonging to Uśanā/Śukra; Śukra’s
चौशनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचौशन (उशनस्-सम्बन्धिन्)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
व्यूहम्battle-array, formation
व्यूहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्यूह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हरीन्the monkeys/vanaras
हरीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहरि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभ्यवहारयत्he surrounded/hemmed in
अभ्यवहारयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + अव + हृ (कारणि: हारयति)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
U
Uśanā (Śukrācārya)
H
harayaḥ (the monkeys/vanaras)
V
vyūha (battle-array)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that warfare is governed by codified knowledge (yuddhaśāstra) and that tactical expertise can decisively shape outcomes; it implicitly warns that strength without disciplined strategy is vulnerable to being outmaneuvered.

Mārkaṇḍeya describes a commander so skilled in war-craft that he is compared to Uśanā (Śukrācārya). Using a formation prescribed in Śukra’s tradition, he arranges a vyūha and successfully encircles the vanara forces.