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Shloka 17

सावित्री-यमसंवादः

Sāvitrī’s Dialogue with Yama and the Restoration of Satyavān

यथा नदति सुग्रीवो बलवानेष वानर: । मन्ये चाश्रयवान्‌ प्राप्तो न त्वं निष्क्रान्तुमहीसि,“नाथ! आज सुग्रीव जिस प्रकार गर्जना कर रहा है, उससे मालूम होता है, इस समय उसका बल बढ़ा हुआ है। मेरी समझमें उसे कोई बलवान्‌ सहायक मिल गया है, तभी वह यहाँतक आ सका है। अत: आप घरसे न निकलें”

yathā nadati sugrīvo balavāneṣa vānaraḥ | manye cāśrayavān prāpto na tvaṁ niṣkrāntum arhasi ||

Mārkaṇḍeya said: “From the way Sugrīva, that mighty monkey, is roaring, it seems his strength has risen greatly today. I judge that he has come here supported by some powerful ally; otherwise he could not have reached this far. Therefore, my lord, do not step out of the house.”

यथाas, just as
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formindeclinable (comparative particle)
नदतिroars, bellows
नदति:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootनद्
Formpresent (lat), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
सुग्रीवःSugriva
सुग्रीवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुग्रीव
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
बलवान्strong, powerful
बलवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
वानरःmonkey (chief)
वानरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवानर
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
मन्येI think, I suppose
मन्ये:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
Formpresent (lat), ātmanepada, 1st person, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable (conjunction)
आश्रयवान्having support/protection; with an ally
आश्रयवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआश्रयवत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
प्राप्तःhaving arrived; having obtained
प्राप्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formpast passive participle (kta), masculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable (negation)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formmasculine (by reference), nominative, singular
निष्क्रान्तुम्to go out, to come forth
निष्क्रान्तुम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootनिस्-क्रम्
Forminfinitive (tumun)
अर्हसिyou should/ought (to); you are fit (to)
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
Formpresent (lat), parasmaipada, 2nd person, singular

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
S
Sugrīva
V
Vānara (monkey)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights prudent counsel: when signs indicate an opponent’s increased strength—especially through alliances—one should avoid rash action and prioritize safety and strategic restraint.

Mārkaṇḍeya observes Sugrīva’s confident roaring and infers that Sugrīva must have gained powerful backing. He warns his addressed ‘lord’ not to come out, implying danger if one confronts a newly strengthened adversary.