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Shloka 12

इन्द्रजिद्-लक्ष्मणयुद्धम्

Indrajit and Lakṣmaṇa: Escalation through Concealment

ततस्त्रिगर्त: सधनुरवतीर्य महारथात्‌ । गदया चतुरो वाहान्‌ राज्ञस्तस्य तदावधीत्‌,तदनन्तर धनुष हाथमें लिये त्रिगर्तराजने अपने विशाल रथसे उतरकर राजा युधिष्ठिरके चारों घोड़ोंको गदासे मार डाला

tatas trigartaḥ sadhanur avatīrya mahārathāt | gadayā caturo vāhān rājñas tasya tadā avadhīt |

Vaiśampāyana said: Then the Trigarta king, bow in hand, descended from his great chariot and, with his mace, struck down the four horses of that king (Yudhiṣṭhira) then and there. In the harsh ethic of battle, disabling an opponent’s mobility becomes a decisive tactic—yet it also heightens the moral tension of war, where victory is pursued through the destruction of the very supports of life and duty.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
त्रिगर्तःTrigarta (king/warrior of Trigarta)
त्रिगर्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिगर्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सधनुःwith a bow (in hand)
सधनुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस-धनुस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अवतीर्यhaving descended
अवतीर्य:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअव-तॄ
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
महारथात्from the great chariot
महारथात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
गदयाwith a mace
गदया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
चतुरःfour
चतुरः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वाहान्horses (draught-animals)
वाहान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तस्यof him/that (king)
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
अवधीत्killed, slew
अवधीत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवध्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
T
Trigarta (king)
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
M
mahāratha (great chariot)
D
dhanuḥ (bow)
G
gadā (mace)
V
vāhāḥ (four horses)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the grim pragmatics of kṣatriya warfare: victory often turns on disabling an enemy’s means of movement and protection. It implicitly raises ethical tension—martial duty permits harsh tactics, yet such acts intensify the suffering and moral weight carried by combatants.

The Trigarta king gets down from his chariot with bow in hand and uses a mace to kill the four horses of King Yudhiṣṭhira’s chariot, effectively immobilizing him in the battle.