Shloka 83
कृतयुगवर्णनम् तथा राजधर्मोपदेशः
Kṛtayuga Description and Instruction on Royal Dharma
Devanagari script
ततः समुद्र: स्वां वेलामतिक्रामति भारत । पर्वताश्च विदीर्यन्ते मही चाप्सु निमज्जति,भारत! तदनन्तर समुद्र अपनी सीमाको लाँघ जाता है, पर्वत फट जाते और पृथ्वी पानीमें डूब जाती है
Transliteration
tataḥ samudraḥ svāṃ velām atikrāmati bhārata | parvatāś ca vidīryante mahī cāpsu nimajjati, bhārata ||
Translation
Vaiśaṃpāyana said: “Then, O Bhārata, the ocean oversteps its own shoreline; the mountains split asunder, and the earth itself sinks into the waters.” The verse evokes a vision of cosmic disorder—an image often used in the Mahābhārata to warn that when restraint and dharma fail, even the natural order seems to collapse.
Word by Word
ततःthen; thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'from/thereafter')
समुद्रःthe ocean
समुद्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
स्वाम्his/its own
स्वाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
वेलाम्shore; boundary; coastline
वेलाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेला
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
अतिक्रामतिoversteps; crosses beyond
अतिक्रामति:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-क्रम्
Formpresent tense (laṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
भारतO Bhārata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
पर्वताःmountains
पर्वताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
Formindeclinable
विदीर्यन्तेsplit apart; are rent
विदीर्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-दॄ
Formpresent tense (laṭ), ātmanepada, 3rd person, plural; passive/intransitive sense
महीthe earth
मही:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमही
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
Formindeclinable
अप्सुin the waters
अप्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअप्
Formfeminine, locative, plural
निमज्जतिsinks; submerges
निमज्जति:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-मज्ज्
Formpresent tense (laṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
भारतO Bhārata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśaṃpāyanaB
Bhārata (Janamejaya as addressee)S
samudra (ocean)V
velā (shore/boundary)P
parvata (mountains)M
mahī (earth)A
ap (waters)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes