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Shloka 87

Sarasvatī–Tārkṣya Saṃvāda: Agnihotra-vidhi, Dāna-phala, and Mokṣa-prasaṅga (सरस्वती–तार्क्ष्यसंवादः)

इमामत्रोपमां चापि निबोध वदतां वर । मनुष्यलोके यच्छेय: परं मन्ये युधिछिर,वक्ताओंमें श्रेष्ठ युधिष्ठिर! मनुष्यलोकमें मैं जिसे परम कल्याणकी बात समझता हूँ, उसके विषयमें यह उदाहरण सुनो। कोई मनुष्य इस लोकमें ही परम सुख पाता है, परलोकमें नहीं। किसीको परलोकमें ही परम कल्याणकी प्राप्ति होती है, इस लोकमें नहीं। किसीको इहलोक और परलोक दोनोंमें परम श्रेयकी प्राप्ति होती है; तथा किसीको न तो परलोकमें उत्तम सुख मिलता है और न इस लोकमें ही

imām atropamāṃ cāpi nibodha vadatāṃ vara | manuṣyaloke yac chreyaḥ paraṃ manye yudhiṣṭhira ||

Mārkaṇḍeya said: “O best of speakers, listen here to this illustrative comparison as well. O Yudhiṣṭhira, I shall state what I consider the highest good for human beings in this world.”

इमाम्this (her/this one)
इमाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
उपमाम्simile, example
उपमाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपमा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
निबोधunderstand, learn
निबोध:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
वदताम्of those who speak
वदताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
वरbest, excellent (O best)
वर:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मनुष्यलोकेin the world of men
मनुष्यलोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्यलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यत्which, what
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
श्रेयःthe good, welfare, highest good
श्रेयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
परम्supreme, highest
परम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मन्येI think, I consider
मन्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Atmanepada
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
M
manuṣyaloka (human world)

Educational Q&A

Mārkaṇḍeya frames a discussion on śreyas—the highest human good—introducing an illustrative example to distinguish kinds of welfare (worldly and otherworldly) and to guide Yudhiṣṭhira toward a dharmic evaluation of what truly benefits a person.

In the Vana Parva dialogue, the sage Mārkaṇḍeya addresses Yudhiṣṭhira and signals that he will explain, through an upamā (illustration), what he regards as the supreme good for humans, setting up the ensuing moral classification and teaching.