Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 18

Sarasvatī–Tārkṣya Saṃvāda: Agnihotra-vidhi, Dāna-phala, and Mokṣa-prasaṅga (सरस्वती–तार्क्ष्यसंवादः)

नग्राम्यधर्मेषु रतिस्तवास्ति कामान्न किंचित्‌ कुरुषे नरेन्द्र | न चार्थलोभात्‌ प्रजहासि धर्म तस्मात्‌ प्रभावादसि धर्मराज:,“आपने सबसे पहले ब्रह्मचर्य आदि व्रतोंका पालन करते हुए सम्पूर्ण वेदोंका अध्ययन किया है। तत्पश्चात्‌ सम्पूर्ण धनुर्वेदकी शिक्षा प्राप्त की है। इसके बाद क्षत्रिय-धर्मके अनुसार धनका उपार्जन करके समस्त प्राचीन यज्ञोंका अनुष्ठान किया है। नरेश्वर! जिसमें गँवारोंकी आसक्ति हुआ करती है, उस स्त्री-सम्बन्धी भोगमें आपका अनुराग नहीं है। आप कामनासे प्रेरित होकर कुछ नहीं करते हैं और धनके लोभसे धर्मका त्याग नहीं करते हैं। इसी प्रभावसे धर्मराज कहलाते हैं

Vaiśampāyana uvāca | na grāmya-dharmeṣu ratis tavāsti kāmān na kiñcit kuruṣe narendra | na cārtha-lobhāt prajahāsi dharma tasmāt prabhāvād asi dharma-rājaḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “O king, you take no delight in coarse, worldly indulgences. Driven by desire you do nothing unworthy, and for greed of wealth you do not abandon dharma. It is by the force of this very character that you are known as ‘Dharma-rāja’.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ग्राम्य-अधर्मेषुin vulgar/low adharma-practices
ग्राम्य-अधर्मेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम्य + अधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
रतिःdelight, attachment
रतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormGenitive, Singular
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कामात्from desire; out of lust
कामात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
किञ्चित्anything
किञ्चित्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिञ्चित्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुरुषेyou do
कुरुषे:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Atmanepada
नर-इन्द्रO king (lord of men)
नर-इन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootनर + इन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अर्थ-लोभात्from greed for wealth
अर्थ-लोभात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ + लोभ
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
प्रजहासिyou abandon/renounce (lit. cast off)
प्रजहासि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हास्
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore; from that (reason)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormAblative, Singular
प्रभावात्from (this) power/influence
प्रभावात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभाव
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
असिyou are
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
धर्म-राजःDharma-king; king of righteousness
धर्म-राजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म + राजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
N
Narendra (a king; contextually Yudhiṣṭhira/Dharmarāja)
D
Dharma (as principle)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s true greatness lies in self-mastery: not being ruled by sensual desire, and never sacrificing dharma for wealth. Such steadfastness is what earns the title ‘Dharma-rāja’.

Vaiśampāyana praises the king’s conduct, emphasizing that he avoids vulgar indulgence and refuses to compromise righteousness for profit; this moral firmness explains his reputation as Dharmarāja.