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Shloka 14

Sātyaki’s Call for Intervention and Yudhiṣṭhira’s Vow-Bound Restraint (सात्यकिवाक्यं—धर्मराजस्य धैर्यनिश्चयः)

वृत्तोरुरत्यायतपीनबाहु- रेतेन संख्ये निहतो<श्वचक्र: । को नाम साम्बस्य महारथस्य रणे समक्ष रथमभ्युदीयात्‌,इनकी जाँघें गोल हैं, भुजाएँ लंबी और मोटी हैं; इन्होंने युद्धमें अश्वारोहियोंकी कितनी ही सेनाओंका संहार किया है। भला, संग्रामभूमिमें महारथी साम्बके रथके सम्मुख कौन आ सकता है?

vṛttorur atyāyatapīnabāhu- reteṇa saṅkhye nihato 'śvacakraḥ | ko nāma sāmbasya mahārathasya raṇe samakṣa ratham abhyudīyāt ||

Baladeva said: “With his rounded thighs and long, powerful arms, he has already destroyed whole formations of horsemen in the press of battle. Who, on the field of war, could possibly ride out to face the chariot of Sāmba, that great chariot-warrior?”

वृत्तrounded
वृत्त:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ऊरुःthighs
ऊरुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऊरु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अति-आयतvery long
अति-आयत:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअति-आयत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पीनthick, stout
पीन:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बाहुःarms
बाहुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रेतेनby (his) seed/virility (i.e., by prowess)
रेतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरेतस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
संख्येin battle
संख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
निहतःslain, killed
निहतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अश्वचक्रःthe cavalry/horse-troop (lit. horse-wheel/horse-array)
अश्वचक्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वचक्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नामindeed, pray
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
साम्बस्यof Sāmba
साम्बस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootसाम्ब
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
महारथस्यof the great chariot-warrior
महारथस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
समक्षम्in front, face to face
समक्षम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमक्ष
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभ्युदीयात्could advance/attack
अभ्युदीयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-उद्-या
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

बलदेव उवाच

B
Baladeva
S
Sāmba
C
chariot (ratha)
C
cavalry/horsemen (aśvacakra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal of valor and reputation in battle: proven prowess inspires confidence and deters challengers. Ethically, it reflects how martial excellence and prior deeds shape morale and perceived dharma on the battlefield.

Baladeva is praising Sāmba’s physical strength and battlefield achievements, noting that he has already crushed cavalry forces and rhetorically asking who could dare to confront Sāmba’s chariot directly in combat.