Shloka 38

युधिछिर उवाच किमर्थ राजशार्दूल: सगर: पुत्रमात्मजम्‌ | त्यक्तवान्‌ दुस्त्यजं वीरं तन्मे ब्रूहि तपोधन,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--तपोधन! नृपश्रेष्ठ सगरने किसलिये अपने दुस्त्यज वीर पुत्रका त्याग किया था, यह मुझे बताइये

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: kimarthaṁ rājarṣārḍūlaḥ Sagaraḥ putram ātmajam | tyaktavān dustyajaṁ vīraṁ tan me brūhi tapodhana ||

Yudhiṣṭhira said: “For what reason did King Sagara—tiger among kings—abandon his own son, that heroic one so hard to renounce? O ascetic rich in austerity, tell me this.”

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
किमर्थम्for what reason? why?
किमर्थम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिमर्थ
राजशार्दूलःtiger among kings (great king)
राजशार्दूलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजशार्दूल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सगरःSagara
सगरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसगर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मजम्own son (born of oneself)
आत्मजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
त्यक्तवान्abandoned; having abandoned
त्यक्तवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्तवतुँ, Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Active (agentive past participle), Perfective/Past (periphrastic sense)
दुस्त्यजम्hard to give up
दुस्त्यजम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुस्त्यज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वीरम्hero; brave one
वीरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तत्that (matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मेto me; for me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
ब्रूहिtell (me)
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
तपोधनO one rich in austerity (ascetic)
तपोधन:
TypeNoun
Rootतपोधन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
S
Sagara
T
Tapodhana (the ascetic/sage being addressed)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharmic inquiry: even what is most precious—one’s own heroic son—may be relinquished if a higher principle, duty, or moral necessity demands it. Yudhiṣṭhira seeks the ethical rationale behind a king’s severe decision.

Yudhiṣṭhira questions an ascetic (addressed as tapodhana) about a past episode involving King Sagara. He asks why Sagara abandoned his own son, emphasizing how difficult such an act is, and requests the sage to explain the cause and context.