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Shloka 30

Bhāgīratha’s Tapas and the Petition to Gaṅgā (गङ्गावतरण-प्रसङ्गः)

ते तं दृष्टवा हयं राजन्‌ सम्प्रहृष्टतनूरुहा: । अनादृत्य महात्मानं कपिलं कालचोदिता:,राजन्‌! उस अश्वको देखकर उनके शरीरमें हर्षजनित रोमाज्च हो आया। वे कालसे प्रेरित हो क्रोधमें भरकर महात्मा कपिलका अनादर करके उस अश्व॒को पकड़नेके, लिये दौड़े। महाराज! तब मुनिश्रेष्ठ कपिल कुपित हो उठे

te taṃ dṛṣṭvā hayaṃ rājan samprahṛṣṭa-tanūruhāḥ | anādṛtya mahātmānaṃ kapilaṃ kāla-coditāḥ ||

O King, on seeing that horse, their bodies thrilled with bristling hair. Driven on by fate, they disregarded the great-souled sage Kapila and, inflamed with anger, rushed forward to seize the horse.

तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तम्him/that one
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
हयम्the horse
हयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सम्प्रहृष्टdelighted, thrilled
सम्प्रहृष्ट:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-प्र-हृष्
Formक्त (past participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
तनु-रुहाःhaving hairs standing on end (lit. whose body-hairs are raised)
तनु-रुहाः:
TypeNoun
Rootतनुरुह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अनादृत्यdisregarding, not honoring
अनादृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअन्-आ-दृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
महात्मानम्the great-souled one
महात्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कपिलम्Kapila
कपिलम्:
Karma
TypeProperNoun
Rootकपिल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
काल-चोदिताःimpelled by Time (fate)
काल-चोदिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकालचोदित
Formक्त (past participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

लोगश उवाच

K
Kapila
H
horse (aśva/haya)
T
the king (rājan, addressee)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how being driven by kāla (fate/time) and krodha (anger) can eclipse discernment and dharma, leading people to disrespect a mahātmā (great sage)—a moral error that typically brings grave consequences in the epic.

A group sees the horse and, thrilled and agitated, rushes to capture it. In their haste they ignore the presence and dignity of the sage Kapila, acting under the impulse of fate and anger.