Shloka 21

द्रोणास्त्रमभिहत्यैष विमर्दे मधुसूदन । महेष्वासो हतः शेते नद्या हत इव द्रुम:,मधुसूदन! यह महाधनुर्धर वीर संग्राममें द्रोणाचार्यके अस्त्र-शस्त्रोंका नाश करके नदीके वेगसे कटे हुए वृक्षेके समान मरकर धराशायी हो गया

droṇāstram abhihatya eṣa vimarde madhusūdana | maheṣvāso hataḥ śete nadyā hata iva drumaḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “O Madhusūdana, in the press of battle this great archer, having struck down the weapon of Droṇa, now lies slain—like a tree felled by the force of a river’s current.” The verse underscores the tragic irony of war: even the most capable warriors, after moments of prowess, are reduced to lifeless bodies, and victory offers little moral consolation amid widespread ruin.

द्रोणास्त्रम्Droṇa’s weapon (the Droṇa-astra)
द्रोणास्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण + अस्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अभिहत्यhaving struck down / having destroyed
अभिहत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-हन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
एषःthis (man/warrior)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विमर्देin the melee/battle
विमर्दे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविमर्द
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
मधुसूदनO Madhusūdana (Krishna)
मधुसूदन:
TypeNoun
Rootमधुसूदन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
महेष्वासःthe great archer
महेष्वासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहेष्वास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हतःslain
हतः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
शेतेlies (fallen)
शेते:
TypeVerb
Rootशी (शे)
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
नद्याःby the river (current)
नद्याः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
हतःcut down / felled
हतः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
द्रुमःa tree
द्रुमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
M
Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa)
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
D
Droṇāstra (Droṇa’s weapon)
R
river (nadī)
T
tree (druma)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the impermanence of martial glory and the ethical bleakness of war: even after a feat such as neutralizing a famed weapon, the warrior’s end is sudden and final, likened to a tree swept down by a river—powerful, yet ultimately helpless before larger forces.

Vaiśampāyana describes to the listener (addressing Kṛṣṇa as Madhusūdana) that a renowned archer, after countering Droṇa’s weapon in the thick of battle, has been killed and now lies fallen, compared to a tree cut down by a river’s current.