Shloka 3

तं शुगालाश्व कड्काश्ष क्रव्यादाश्न पृथग्विधा: । तेन तेन विकर्षन्ति पश्य कालस्य पर्ययम्‌,उसे सियार, कंक और नाना प्रकारके मांसभक्षी जीव-जन्तु इधर-उधर खींच रहे हैं। यह समयका उलट-फेर तो देखो

taṁ śṛgālāśva-kaṅkāś ca kravyādāś ca pṛthagvidhāḥ | tena tena vikarṣanti paśya kālasya paryayam ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “Various flesh-eating creatures—jackals, hyenas, vultures, and others—are dragging that body this way and that. Behold how time has turned upside down.”

तम्him/that (one)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शृगालाःjackals
शृगालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशृगाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्वाःhorses
अश्वाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कङ्काःkanka-birds (a carrion-eating bird)
कङ्काः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकङ्क
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्रव्यादाःflesh-eaters, carnivores
क्रव्यादाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्रव्याद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पृथग्विधाःof various kinds
पृथग्विधाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपृथग्विध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेनby that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
तेनby that (way)
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
विकर्षन्तिthey drag/pull apart
विकर्षन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + कृṣ्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
पश्यsee! behold!
पश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
कालस्यof time
कालस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पर्ययम्reversal/turn of events
पर्ययम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपर्यय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
kāla (Time)
Ś
śṛgāla (jackals)
A
aśva (hyena/carrion-beast)
K
kaṅka (carrion bird/vulture)
K
kravyāda (flesh-eaters)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the stark reversal brought by Kāla (Time): those once honored in life are reduced to helpless bodies on a battlefield, subject to scavengers. It highlights impermanence and the moral gravity of war’s consequences.

In the aftermath of the Kurukṣetra slaughter, the scene is described with grim realism: carrion-eaters drag bodies in different directions, and the speaker points to this as a shocking ‘turn of time’—a sign of the world overturned by war.