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Shloka 22

रणभूमिवर्णनम् — Devāsuropama-yuddha and the ‘River’ Metaphor of the Battlefield

विधुन्वन्‌ कार्मुकं चित्र भारघ्नं वेगवत्तरम्‌ । रथप्रवरमास्थाय सैन्धवाश्वंं महारथ:,महाराज! तब प्रतापी महारथी मद्रराज शल्यने उन योद्धाओंको आश्वासन दे समृद्धिशाली सर्वतोभद्रनामक व्यूह बनाकर भारनाशक, अत्यन्त वेगशाली और विचित्र धनुषको कँपाते हुए सिंधी घोड़ोंसे युक्त श्रेष्ठ रथपर आरूढ़ हो पाण्डवोंपर आक्रमण किया

vidhunvan kārmukaṃ citraṃ bhāraghnaṃ vegavattaram | rathapravaram āsthāya saindhavāśvaṃ mahārathaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Shaking his wondrous bow—weight-destroying and exceedingly swift—and mounting a foremost chariot drawn by Sindhu-bred horses, the great warrior advanced to strike at the Pāṇḍavas. The scene underscores the grim momentum of battle: reassurance and formation on one side, and the decisive surge of a commander on the other, as prowess is marshalled toward a violent end.

विधुन्वन्shaking
विधुन्वन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविधुन्वत् (धातु: धुन्/धूञ्, वि-)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कार्मुकम्bow
कार्मुकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्मुक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चित्रम्wonderful/variegated
चित्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचित्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भारघ्नम्weight-destroying (removing burden)
भारघ्नम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभारघ्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वेगवत्तरम्more swift/very swift
वेगवत्तरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवेगवत्तर (वेगवत् + तर)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रथप्रवरम्excellent chariot
रथप्रवरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथप्रवर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आस्थायhaving mounted/after mounting
आस्थाय:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था (धातु: स्था)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
सैन्धवाश्वम्Sindhu-bred horse (Sindhi horse)
सैन्धवाश्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्धवाश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महारथःgreat chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍavas
B
bow (kārmuka)
F
foremost chariot (rathapravara)
S
Saindhava/Sindhu horses (saindhavāśva)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, leadership manifests through readiness, morale, and disciplined deployment of strength; ethically, it points to the sobering reality that skill and resolve can be directed toward destructive ends, reminding readers to weigh power against dharma.

Sañjaya describes a great warrior mounting a superior chariot drawn by Sindhu-bred horses and brandishing a remarkable, swift bow, then moving to attack the Pāṇḍavas—signaling an escalation and organized offensive in the battle.