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Shloka 18

रणभूमिवर्णनम् — Devāsuropama-yuddha and the ‘River’ Metaphor of the Battlefield

तामाशां हृदये कृत्वा समाश्चवस्य च भारत । मद्रराजं च समरे समाश्रित्य महारथम्‌

tām āśāṃ hṛdaye kṛtvā samāś ca vasya ca bhārata | madrarājaṃ ca samare samāśritya mahāratham ||

Sañjaya said: “O Bhārata, having fixed that hope firmly in his heart, and taking refuge in the mighty chariot-warrior—the king of Madra—amidst the battle, he set his course accordingly.”

ताम्that (her/it)
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आशाम्hope, expectation
आशाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआशा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
हृदयेin (the) heart
हृदये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहृदय
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving made, having placed
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
समाःequal, same
समाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवस्यof protection/help (avasa)
अवस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootअवस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मद्रराजम्the king of Madra (Shalya)
मद्रराजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
समाश्रित्यhaving resorted to, having taken refuge in/with
समाश्रित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-श्रि
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
महारथम्the great chariot-warrior
महारथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
M
Madrarāja (Śalya)
S
Samara (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a wartime ethic of deliberate reliance: once a leader fixes an intention (āśā) internally, he seeks support from a proven mahāratha. It underscores how inner resolve and choosing capable allies shape action in crisis.

Sañjaya narrates that, with a particular hope in mind, the concerned party aligns himself with the Madrarāja Śalya—an eminent warrior—on the battlefield, indicating a strategic dependence on Śalya’s martial strength at this stage of the war.