Shloka 38

प्रत्युद्याहि रणे पार्थ मद्रराज॑ महारथम्‌ । जहि चैनं महाबाहो वासवो नमुचिं यथा,इति सत्य ब्रवीम्येष दुर्योधन न संशय: । “मैं रणभूमिमें कुन्तीके सभी पुत्रों और सामने आये हुए सोमकोंपर भी विजय प्राप्त कर लूँगा। इसमें भी संदेह नहीं कि मैं तुम्हारा सेनापति होऊँगा और ऐसे व्यूहका निर्माण करूँगा, जिसे शत्रु लाँघ नहीं सकेंगे। दुर्योधन! यह मैं तुमसे सच्ची बात कहता हूँ। इसमें कोई संशय नहीं है” “महाराज! कुन्तीकुमार! उनके मारे जानेपर आप समझ लें कि दुर्योधनकी सारी विशाल सेना ही मार डाली गयी। इस समय मेरी इस बातको सुनकर महारथी मद्रराजपर चढ़ाई कीजिये और महाबाहो! जैसे इन्द्रने नमुचिका वध किया था, उसी प्रकार आप भी उन्हें मार डालिये

sañjaya uvāca | pratyudyāhi raṇe pārtha madrarājaṁ mahāratham | jahi cainaṁ mahābāho vāsavo namuciṁ yathā | iti satyaṁ bravīmy eṣa duryodhana na saṁśayaḥ |

Sanjaya said: “O Partha, go forth to meet in battle the Madra king, that great chariot-warrior. Strike him down, O mighty-armed one, just as Vasava (Indra) slew Namuci. This I tell you as truth, O Duryodhana—there is no doubt about it.”

प्रत्युद्याहिadvance/attack (go forth against)
प्रत्युद्याहि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-उद्-या (धातु: या)
Formलोट् (imperative), 2, singular, परस्मैपदम्
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
Formmasculine, locative, singular
पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
मद्रराजम्the king of Madra (Shalya)
मद्रराजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराज
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
महारथम्the great chariot-warrior
महारथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
जहिslay
जहि:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु: हन्)
Formलोट् (imperative), 2, singular, परस्मैपदम्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (एन्-प्रयोगः)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाबाहु
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
वासवःVasava (Indra)
वासवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवासव
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
नमुचिम्Namuci (the demon)
नमुचिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनमुचि
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
सत्यंtruth
सत्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
ब्रवीमिI say/speak
ब्रवीमि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु: ब्रू)
Formलट् (present), 1, singular, परस्मैपदम्
एषःthis (person/one)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (एष)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
दुर्योधनO Duryodhana
दुर्योधन:
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
P
Partha (Arjuna)
M
Madra-raja (Shalya)
D
Duryodhana
V
Vasava (Indra)
N
Namuci

Educational Q&A

The verse frames battle as a kshatriya’s decisive duty: meet the foremost enemy directly and act without hesitation, while grounding the exhortation in a claim of truth (satya) and a paradigmatic divine precedent (Indra’s slaying of Namuci).

Sanjaya reports an urgent martial exhortation: Arjuna (Partha) is urged to advance against the Madra king Shalya, described as a great chariot-warrior, and to kill him—likened to Indra’s mythic victory over the demon Namuci—while assuring Duryodhana that this assessment is certain.