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Shloka 15

Śalya-hatānantarāṇi: Madrarāja-padānugānāṃ praskandana and the Pandava counter-encirclement (शल्यहतानन्तराणि—मद्रराजपदानुगानां प्रस्कन्दनम्)

तयोर्धनुज्यातलनि:स्वनो महान्‌ महेन्द्रवजञाशनितुल्यनि:स्वन: । परस्परं बाणगणैर्महात्मनो: प्रवर्षतोर्मद्रपपाण्डुवीरयो:

tayor dhanurjyātala-niḥsvano mahān mahendra-vajrāśani-tulya-niḥsvanaḥ | parasparaṃ bāṇa-gaṇair mahātmanoḥ pravarṣator madrapa-pāṇḍu-vīrayoḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Between those two great-souled warriors—the king of Madra and the Pāṇḍava hero—as they showered each other with volleys of arrows, there arose a mighty sound: the twang and clash of their bowstrings, like the thunderous crash of Indra’s thunderbolt. The battle is portrayed not as mere violence, but as a grave contest of prowess and resolve, where each seeks victory while standing firm in the warrior’s code amid the storm of weapons.

तयोःof those two
तयोः:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, genitive, dual
धनुज्याbowstring
धनुज्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनुज्या
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
तलsurface/flat part (of the bow)
तल:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतल
Formneuter, nominative, singular
निःस्वनःsound, twang
निःस्वनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिःस्वन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
महान्great
महान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
महेन्द्रof Mahendra (Indra)
महेन्द्र:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहेन्द्र
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
वज्रwith the thunderbolt
वज्र:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवज्र
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
अशनितुल्यequal to lightning
अशनितुल्य:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअशनितुल्य
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
निःस्वनःsound, roar
निःस्वनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिःस्वन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
परस्परम्mutually, against each other
परस्परम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर
बाणगणैःwith multitudes of arrows
बाणगणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाणगण
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
महात्मनोःof the two great-souled ones
महात्मनोः:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहात्मन्
Formmasculine, genitive, dual
प्रवर्षतोःof the two showering forth
प्रवर्षतोः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रवर्षत्
Formmasculine, genitive, dual
मद्रपof the Madra king (Shalya)
मद्रप:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रप
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
पाण्डुवीरयोःof the two Pāṇḍava heroes
पाण्डुवीरयोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डुवीर
Formmasculine, genitive, dual

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
I
Indra (Mahendra)
V
vajra (Indra’s thunderbolt)
M
madrapa (Śalya, king of Madra)
P
Pāṇḍava warrior (Nakula)
B
bows and bowstrings
A
arrows (bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the gravity and discipline of kṣatriya combat: even amid destructive force, the warriors’ steadfastness and skill are emphasized. The ethical frame is the warrior code—courage, endurance, and resolve—rather than personal malice, conveyed through elevated, cosmic imagery (Indra’s thunderbolt).

Sañjaya describes a fierce exchange between the king of Madra (Śalya) and a Pāṇḍava hero (Nakula). As both rain volleys of arrows at each other, the sound of their bows and bowstrings becomes immense, compared to the crash of Indra’s vajra.