Shloka 39

दुर्योधनो युधां श्रेष्ठ आहवे केशवार्जुनौ । समभ्ययादुग्रतेजा: शरैश्लाप्पहनद्‌ बली,योद्धाओंमें श्रेष्ठ भयंकर तेजस्वी और बलवान दुर्योधनने समरांगणमें श्रीकृष्ण और अर्जुनपर चढ़ाई की तथा बाणोंद्वारा उन्हें गहरी चोट पहुँचायी

sañjaya uvāca | duryodhano yudhāṃ śreṣṭha āhave keśavārjunau | samabhyayād ugratejāḥ śaraiś cābhyahanad balī ||

Sañjaya said: Duryodhana—foremost among warriors—advanced in the thick of battle against Keśava and Arjuna. Fierce in splendor and strong in might, he struck at them with volleys of arrows, pressing the conflict forward through sheer martial force.

दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युधाम्of battles
युधाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठःbest, foremost
श्रेष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आहवेin battle
आहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआहव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
केशवKeshava (Krishna)
केशव:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अर्जुनौthe two: Arjuna (and companion)
अर्जुनौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
समभ्ययात्advanced upon, attacked
समभ्ययात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + अभि + या
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उग्रतेजाःof fierce splendor
उग्रतेजाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्रतेजस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
लाप्पहनत्struck (reading uncertain)
लाप्पहनत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootलाप्पहन्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बलीstrong, mighty
बली:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
K
Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)
A
Arjuna
A
arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal of direct engagement and courage in battle, while also showing how sheer martial prowess can intensify conflict when driven by rivalry and ambition rather than restraint and right judgment.

Sañjaya reports that Duryodhana, powerful and fierce, advances toward Kṛṣṇa (as charioteer) and Arjuna and attacks them with arrows, escalating the confrontation on the battlefield.