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Shloka 81

Sauptika Parva, Adhyaya 8 — Dhṛṣṭadyumna-vadha and the Camp’s Nocturnal Rout

जो लोग नींदके कारण अंधे और अचेत-से हो रहे थे, वे उसके शब्दसे चौंककर उछल पड़े; किंतु पुन: भयसे व्याकुल हो जहाँ-तहाँ छिप गये

ye janā nidrā-kāraṇād andhā iva acetasaḥ prāyaḥ bhavanti sma, te tasya śabdena sahasā pratibuddhā utplutya samutthitāḥ; punaś ca bhayākulā yatra-tatra nilīyante sma.

Sañjaya said: Those men, dulled and almost senseless from sleep, were jolted awake by that sound and sprang up in alarm; yet, seized again by fear, they scattered and hid wherever they could. The scene underscores how terror in war can strip people of composure, driving them from alertness into panic and concealment.

yethose who
ye:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootyad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
nidrā-kāraṇātdue to sleep / because of sleep
nidrā-kāraṇāt:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootnidrā-kāraṇa
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
andhāḥblinded
andhāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootandha
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ivaas if
iva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva
acetāḥunconscious / senseless
acetāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootacetas
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
bhavantaḥbecoming
bhavantaḥ:
Karta
TypeKridanta
Rootbhavant
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Śatṛ (present active participle)
tasyaof him / his
tasya:
TypePronoun
Roottad
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
śabdātfrom the sound / at the sound
śabdāt:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootśabda
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
cakitvāhaving started / being startled
cakitvā:
TypeKridanta
Root√cak (cakit)
FormKtva (absolutive)
utpetuḥthey sprang up
utpetuḥ:
TypeVerb
Root√pat (ut-√pat)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
kintubut
kintu:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkintu
punaḥagain
punaḥ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunaḥ
bhayātfrom fear / out of fear
bhayāt:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootbhaya
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
vyākulāḥagitated
vyākulāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootvyākula
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
yatra-tatrahere and there
yatra-tatra:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatra-tatra
pracchannāḥhidden / concealed
pracchannāḥ:
TypeKridanta
Rootpra-√chad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Kta (past passive participle)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral and psychological collapse that accompanies nocturnal violence: when people are attacked in vulnerability, fear overwhelms discernment, and survival instinct replaces courage and order—an implicit critique of terror-driven warfare.

In the Sauptika episode, a sudden sound (from the attackers’ action) startles men who were half-unconscious with sleep; they jump up, then, gripped by fear, disperse and hide wherever possible.