Next Verse

Shloka 1

संजय कहते हैं--महाराज! वृषसेनने नकुलके धनुष और तलवारको काट दिया है, वे रथहीन हो गये हैं, शत्रुके बाणोंसे पीड़ित हैं तथा कर्णके पुत्रने अपने अस्त्रोंद्वारा उन्हें पराजित कर दिया है, यह जानकर श्रेष्ठ पुरुष भीमसेनके आदेशसे हाथोंमें अस्त्र-शस्त्र लिये शत्रुओंका सामना करनेमें समर्थ ट्रुपदके पाँच श्रेष्ठ पुत्र, छठे सात्यकि तथा द्रौपदीके पाँच पुत्र--ये ग्यारह वीर आपके पक्षके हाथी, घोड़े, रथ और पैदल सैनिकोंका अपने सर्पतुल्य बाणोंद्वारा संहार करते हुए रथोंद्वारा वहाँ शीघ्रतापूर्वक आ पहुँचे। उस समय उनके रथकी पताकाएँ वायुके वेगसे फहरा रही थीं। उनके घोड़े उछलते हुए आ रहे थे और वे सब-के- सब जोर-जोरसे गर्जना कर रहे थे

sañjaya uvāca—mahārāja! vṛṣasenena nakulasya dhanuḥ khaḍgaṃ ca chittvā taṃ rathahīnaṃ kṛtavān; śatrubāṇapīḍitaṃ ca karṇaputreṇa svāstrabalena parājitaṃ jñātvā, śreṣṭhapuruṣa-bhīmasenasyājñayā hastāyudhāḥ śatrūn prati samarthāḥ—drupadasya pañca śreṣṭhaputrāḥ, ṣaṣṭhaḥ sātyakiḥ, draupadyāḥ pañca putrāś ca—ete ekādaśa vīrāḥ, tava pakṣasya gaja-aśva-ratha-pādātān sarpavat-tulyaiḥ śaraiḥ saṃharantaḥ rathaiḥ tatra śīghram upāyayuḥ. tadā teṣāṃ rathadhvajā vāyuvegena phalanti sma; teṣāṃ hayā uccalantaḥ samāyānti sma; sarve ca mahāsvanena nādantaḥ sma.

Sanjaya said: “O King, Vṛṣasena has cut down Nakula’s bow and sword, leaving him without a chariot and tormented by the enemy’s arrows; and the son of Karṇa has overcome him by the force of his weapons. Knowing this, and acting on the command of the foremost man Bhīmasena, eleven heroes—Drupada’s five best sons, Sātyaki as the sixth, and Draupadī’s five sons—came swiftly to that place in their chariots, fully armed and able to face the foe. As they advanced, they slaughtered your side’s elephants, horses, charioteers, and foot-soldiers with serpent-like shafts. Their chariot-banners streamed in the wind’s rush, their horses leapt forward, and all of them roared aloud.”

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथयतिsays/tells
कथयति:
TypeVerb
Rootकथ्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वृषसेनःVrishasena
वृषसेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृषसेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नकुलस्यof Nakula
नकुलस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootनकुल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
खड्गम्sword
खड्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootखड्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
छित्त्वाhaving cut
छित्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Active
रथहीनःwithout a chariot
रथहीनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootरथहीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्became/was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
शत्रोःof the enemy
शत्रोः:
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
बाणैःby arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पीडितःafflicted/tormented
पीडितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपीडित
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णस्यof Karna
कर्णस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वैःwith his own
स्वैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अस्त्रैःweapons/missiles
अस्त्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
पराजित्यhaving defeated
पराजित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपराजि
Formल्यप् (absolutive), Active
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Active
श्रेष्ठःexcellent/best
श्रेष्ठः:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषःman/hero
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भीमसेनस्यof Bhimasena
भीमसेनस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आदेशेनby the command
आदेशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआदेश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
हस्तेषुin (their) hands
हस्तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहस्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
अस्त्रशस्त्राणिweapons and arms
अस्त्रशस्त्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र-शस्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
गृहीत्वाhaving taken/holding
गृहीत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Active
शत्रून्enemies
शत्रून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभिमुखीकरणेin facing/turning towards (them)
अभिमुखीकरणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमुखीकरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
समर्थाःcapable
समर्थाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसमर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्रुपदस्यof Drupada
त्रुपदस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootत्रुपद
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपञ्च
श्रेष्ठाःbest/excellent
श्रेष्ठाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
षष्ठःthe sixth
षष्ठः:
TypeAdjective
Rootषष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सात्यकिःSatyaki
सात्यकिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्रौपद्याःof Draupadi
द्रौपद्याः:
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौपदी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपञ्च
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एकादशeleven
एकादश:
TypeAdjective
Rootएकादश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वीराःheroes/warriors
वीराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular, Second
पक्षस्यof the side/party
पक्षस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपक्ष
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
हस्तिनःelephants
हस्तिनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहस्तिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रथान्chariots
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पत्तीन्foot-soldiers
पत्तीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपत्ति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सर्पतुल्यैःsnake-like
सर्पतुल्यैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्पतुल्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
बाणैःby arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
संहरन्तःdestroying/slaying
संहरन्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootसंहृ
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Parasmaipada
रथैःwith chariots
रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
शीघ्रम्quickly
शीघ्रम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशीघ्र
आजग्मुःcame/arrived
आजग्मुः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
तेषाम्of them/their
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
रथानाम्of the chariots
रथानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
पताकाःbanners/flags
पताकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपताका
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
वायुवेगेनby the force of the wind
वायुवेगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवायुवेग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
फेरुःfluttered/waved
फेरुः:
TypeVerb
Rootफेर् (फेरते/फेरति)
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेषाम्their
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
अश्वाःhorses
अश्वाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्लवमानाःleaping/springing
प्लवमानाः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्लव्
Formशानच् (present middle participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
आजग्मुःcame
आजग्मुः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
उच्चैःloudly
उच्चैः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउच्चैः
ननदुःroared/shouted
ननदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootनद्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
V
Vṛṣasena
N
Nakula
K
Karna
B
Bhīmasena
D
Drupada
D
Drupada’s five sons (Pāñcāla princes)
S
Sātyaki
D
Draupadī
D
Draupadī’s five sons (Upapāṇḍavas)
C
chariot
B
bow
S
sword
A
arrows
B
banners/standards
H
horses
E
elephants
I
infantry

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣatriya-ethics in war: when an ally is overwhelmed, leaders must respond swiftly with coordinated support. Courage is paired with responsibility—protecting one’s side and restoring balance on the battlefield rather than abandoning a comrade in distress.

Vṛṣasena, Karṇa’s son, has disabled Nakula by cutting his weapons and leaving him chariotless. On learning this, Bhīma orders a rapid counter-move: eleven Pāṇḍava-aligned warriors (Drupada’s five sons, Sātyaki, and Draupadī’s five sons) rush in chariots, cutting down Kaurava forces as they arrive with banners flying and battle-cries resounding.