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Shloka 56

कृष्णोपदेशः, अर्जुनस्य क्षमा-याचनम्, कर्णवध-अनुज्ञा

Krishna’s Counsel, Arjuna’s Apology, and Authorization for Karṇa’s Slaying

प्रत्युदुगम्य जवेनाशु साश्वारोहांस्तदारिहा । विविधान्‌ विचरन्‌ मार्गान्‌ गदया समपोथयत्‌

pratyudugamya javenau s01bv01roh01s tad01rih01 | vividh01n vicaran m01rg01n gaday01 samapothayat ||

Sanjaya said: Rushing forward at once with great speed, that foe-slayer met the mounted warriors head-on. Roaming through various lanes of the battlefield, he smashed them down with his mace, cutting through their formations by sheer force and relentless pursuit.

प्रत्युद्गम्यhaving gone forth to meet
प्रत्युद्गम्य:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-उद्-गम्
Formल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययार्थक अव्यय), कर्तरि, अव्यय (पूर्वक्रिया)
जवेनwith speed
जवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजव
Formपुं, तृतीया, एकवचन
आशुquickly
आशु:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआशु
Formtrue
he
:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अश्वारोहान्horsemen
अश्वारोहान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वारोह
Formपुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
Formtrue
अरिहाslayer of foes
अरिहा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअरिहन्
Formपुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
विविधान्various
विविधान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
Formपुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
विचरन्moving about, traversing
विचरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-चर्
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
मार्गान्paths, routes
मार्गान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग
Formपुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
गदयाwith a mace
गदया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
Formस्त्री, तृतीया, एकवचन
समपोथयत्he smashed, battered down
समपोथयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-अप-उथ्
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), परस्मैपद, प्रथम, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
saf1jaya
A
arih01 (unnamed foe-slayer)
A
a5bv01roh01 (mounted warriors)
G
gad01 (mace)
M
m01rga (battlefield paths/lanes)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the k63atriya ideal of direct confrontation and steadfastness in battle: meeting danger head-on, maintaining resolve, and acting decisively within the harsh ethics of war where force and tactical movement determine survival.

Sanjaya describes a powerful warrior advancing rapidly to engage mounted fighters. Moving through different routes on the battlefield, he uses a mace to batter and crush opponents, suggesting a sweeping, disruptive assault against cavalry.