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Shloka 43

कृष्णोपदेशः, अर्जुनस्य क्षमा-याचनम्, कर्णवध-अनुज्ञा

Krishna’s Counsel, Arjuna’s Apology, and Authorization for Karṇa’s Slaying

विरथो भरतश्रेष्ठ प्रहसन्ननिलोपम: । गदां गृह महाबाहुरपतत्‌ स्यन्दनोत्तमात्‌,भरतश्रेष्ठ) रथहीन होनेपर वायुके समान बलशाली महाबाहु भीमसेन गदा हाथमें लेकर हँसते हुए उस उत्तम रथसे कूद पड़े

viratho bharataśreṣṭha prahasann anilopamaḥ | gadāṃ gṛhya mahābāhur apatat syandanottamāt ||

Sañjaya said: O best of the Bharatas, when he was left without his chariot, the mighty-armed Bhīmasena—laughing, and swift and forceful like the wind—grasped his mace and leapt down from that excellent chariot. The scene underscores fearless resolve in battle: even deprived of his vehicle, he does not abandon the fight, but meets danger directly with steadfast courage.

विरथःwithout a chariot, chariotless
विरथः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-रथ (प्रातिपदिक: विरथ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भरतश्रेष्ठO best of the Bharatas
भरतश्रेष्ठ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootभरत-श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रहसन्laughing, smiling
प्रहसन्:
Karta
TypeVerb (participial)
Rootप्र-हस् (धातु)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
अनिलोपमःcomparable to the wind
अनिलोपमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनिल-उपम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गदाम्mace
गदाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगदा (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गृह्यhaving taken, seizing
गृह्य:
Karana
TypeVerb (absolutive)
Rootग्रह् (धातु)
Formल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय: गृह्य = गृहीत्वा), Active
महाबाहुःthe mighty-armed one
महाबाहुः:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootमहा-बाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपतत्fell down / leapt down
अपतत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपत् (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्यन्दनोत्तमात्from the excellent chariot
स्यन्दनोत्तमात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootस्यन्दन-उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
G
gadā (mace)
S
syandana (chariot)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights steadfast courage and kṣatriya resolve: even when deprived of external supports (like a chariot), a warrior committed to his duty does not falter, but confronts the challenge directly with composure and confidence.

Sañjaya describes Bhīma becoming chariotless, then laughing in defiance, taking up his mace, and leaping down from an excellent chariot—signaling readiness to continue the combat on foot with his signature weapon.