Shloka 38
Śalya Appointed as Karṇa’s Sārathi; Discourse on Praise, Blame, and Beneficial Counsel (कर्णस्य शल्यसारथ्यं तथा स्तवनिन्दाविचारः)
Devanagari script
पराजिते तत: शूरे ट्रुपदस्यात्मजे प्रभो । व्यद्रवत् पाण्डवी सेना वध्यमाना समन्ततः,प्रभो! शूरवीर ट्रुपदपुत्रके पराजित हो जानेपर सब ओरसे मारी जाती हुई पाण्डव-सेना भागने लगी
Transliteration
parājite tataḥ śūre drupadasyātmaje prabho | vyadravat pāṇḍavī senā vadhyamānā samantataḥ ||
Translation
Sañjaya said: When that heroic son of Drupada had been defeated, O lord, the Pāṇḍava army—being cut down on every side—broke ranks and fled. The verse underscores how swiftly morale collapses in war when a leading champion falls, and how the violence of battle drives even disciplined forces into panic.
Word by Word
पराजितेwhen (he was) defeated
पराजिते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपराजित (पराजि + क्त)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
शूरेin/when the hero (was)
शूरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
द्रुपदस्यof Drupada
द्रुपदस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुपद
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आत्मजेin/when the son
आत्मजे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मज
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रभोO lord
प्रभो:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
व्यद्रवत्ran away, fled
व्यद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + द्रु
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
पाण्डवीPāṇḍava (belonging to the Pāṇḍavas)
पाण्डवी:
TypeAdjective
Rootपाण्डवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सेनाarmy
सेना:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
वध्यमानाbeing slain, being killed
वध्यमाना:
TypeAdjective
Rootवध्य (वध् + य) + मान (शानच्)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
समन्ततःon all sides
समन्ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्ततः
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaD
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'prabho')D
DrupadaD
Drupada’s son (likely Dhṛṣṭadyumna, context-dependent)P
Pāṇḍava armyVerse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes