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Shloka 231

त्रिपुरदाह-इतिहासः

Tripura-destruction exemplum and counsel to Śalya

निवार्य समरे चापि शरांस्तान्‌ निशितै: शरै: । आजचघान सुसंक्रुद्ध: सुतसोम॑ त्रिभि: शरै:

nivārya samare cāpi śarāṁs tān niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ | ājaghāna susaṁkruddhaḥ sutasomaṁ tribhiḥ śaraiḥ ||

Sañjaya said: In the thick of battle, having checked those arrows with his own keen shafts, the warrior—now fiercely enraged—struck Sutasoma with three arrows. The verse highlights the disciplined exchange of missile and counter-missile, where controlled skill in war quickly turns into intensified wrath and decisive retaliation.

निवार्यhaving warded off / having restrained
निवार्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootनि-√वृ (वारयति)
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-प्रयोगार्थ (gerund, voice-neutral)
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
शरान्arrows
शरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तान्those
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
निशितैःwith sharp
निशितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिशित
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
शरैःarrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
आजघानstruck / smote
आजघान:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√हन् (हन्ति)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सुसंक्रुद्धःhighly enraged
सुसंक्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-संक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुतसोमःSutasoma (proper name)
सुतसोमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुतसोम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रिभिःwith three
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
शरैःarrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Sutasoma
A
arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

Even within righteous warfare, action should be governed by skill and restraint; yet the verse also shows how anger (krodha) can rapidly intensify conflict, pushing combatants from defense to forceful retaliation.

During the battle, a warrior first neutralizes incoming arrows with sharp counter-arrows, then—angered—shoots Sutasoma with three arrows, marking a swift shift from defense to an aggressive counterstrike.