Shloka 8

Devanagari script

ततः प्रायाद्धुषीकेशो रथेनाप्रतियोधिना । दारुणश्न पुनस्तत्र प्रादुरासीत्‌ू समागम:,तब भगवान्‌ हृषीकेश जिसका सामना करनेवाला दूसरा कोई योद्धा नहीं था उस रथके द्वारा आगे बढ़े। उस समय वहाँ पुनः बड़ा भयंकर संग्राम छिड़ा हुआ था

Transliteration

tataḥ prāyād dhṛṣīkeśo rathenāpratiyodhinā | dāruṇaś ca punaḥ tatra prādurāsīt samāgamaḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Then Hṛṣīkeśa (Kṛṣṇa) advanced in that chariot which none could truly withstand in battle. And there, once again, a fierce and dreadful clash of armies burst forth—signaling the relentless momentum of war and the grave moral pressure under which the warriors acted.

Word by Word

ततःthen, thereafter

प्रायात्went forth, advanced

हृषीकेशःHrishikesha (Krishna)

रथेनby/with the chariot

अप्रतियोधिनाby one who is without an equal opponent; irresistible

दारुणःterrible, fierce

पुनःagain

तत्रthere

प्रादुरासीत्appeared, arose

समागमःencounter, battle, clash

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Hṛṣīkeśa (Kṛṣṇa)

ratha (chariot)

samāgama (clash/encounter of armies)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the inevitability and intensity of conflict once dharma has been strained to the breaking point: Kṛṣṇa’s decisive advance symbolizes guided action and leadership amid chaos, while the ‘dreadful clash’ highlights the ethical weight borne by those who continue the war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Kṛṣṇa (as charioteer) moves forward with the chariot described as irresistible, and that this movement coincides with the renewed eruption of a terrifying, full-scale battle encounter on the field.