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Shloka 12

Karṇa-parva Adhyāya 19 — Saṃśaptaka–Trigarta Assault and Aindra-astra Counter

चतुरज्ुृं बल॑ं बाणैनिध्नन्तं पाण्ड्यमाहवे । दृष्टवा द्रौणिरसम्भ्रान्तमसम्भ्रान्तस्ततो5 भ्ययात्‌,राजा पाण्ड्यको समरांगणमें बिना किसी घबराहटके अपने बाणोंद्वारा कौरवोंकी चतुरंगिणी सेनाका विनाश करते देख अभश्वत्थामाने निर्भय होकर उनका सामना किया

sañjaya uvāca |

caturaṅgaṃ balaṃ bāṇair nighnantaṃ pāṇḍyam āhave |

dṛṣṭvā drauṇir asambhrāntam asambhrāntas tato 'bhyayāt ||

Sañjaya said: Seeing the Pāṇḍya king in the thick of battle striking down the fourfold Kaurava host with his arrows, Droṇa’s son (Aśvatthāman), himself unshaken, advanced to meet that unshaken warrior. The scene underscores the ethic of kṣatriya warfare: steadfastness under peril and the resolve to confront a formidable opponent without panic.

चतुरङ्गम्fourfold (army)
चतुरङ्गम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुरङ्ग
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बलम्army/force
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बाणैःwith arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
निघ्नन्तम्slaying/destroying
निघ्नन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootनिघ्नत् (√हन्)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Present participle (शतृ), Parasmaipada
पाण्ड्यम्the Pāṇḍya king
पाण्ड्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्ड्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आहवेin battle
आहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआहव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√दृश्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा)
द्रौणिःDrauṇi (Aśvatthāman)
द्रौणिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौणि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असम्भ्रान्तम्unagitated, fearless
असम्भ्रान्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअसम्भ्रान्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
असम्भ्रान्तःunagitated, fearless
असम्भ्रान्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअसम्भ्रान्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen/from there
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अभ्ययात्advanced/attacked
अभ्ययात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√या
FormImperfect (लङ्), Past, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Drauṇi (Aśvatthāman)
P
Pāṇḍya king
K
Kaurava army (caturaṅga bala)
A
arrows (bāṇa)
B
battlefield (āhava)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma in wartime: maintaining composure (asambhrānti) and meeting a powerful foe directly. Ethical emphasis lies on courage and steadiness rather than panic or retreat when duty calls.

The Pāṇḍya king is cutting down the Kaurava fourfold army with arrows. Observing this, Aśvatthāman (Droṇa’s son) advances—calm and fearless—to confront him on the battlefield.