Shloka 8

नरांस्तु कार्ष्णायसवर्म भूषणान्‌ निपात्य साशथ्वानपि पत्तिभि: सह । व्यपोथयद्‌ दन्तिवरेण शुष्मिणा स शब्दवत्‌ स्थूलनलं यथा तथा,वे अपने बलवान एवं श्रेष्ठ गजराजके द्वारा लोहेके कवच तथा उत्तम आभूषण धारण करनेवाले घुड़सवारोंकों घोड़ों और पैदलोंसहित पृथ्वीपर गिराकर कुचलवा देते थे। उस समय जैसे मोटे नरकुलोंके कुचले जाते समय “चर-चर” की आवाज होती है, उसी प्रकार उन सैनिकोंके कुचले जानेपर भी होती थी

narāṁs tu kārṣṇāyasavarma-bhūṣaṇān nipātya sāśvān api pattibhiḥ saha | vyapothayad dantivareṇa śuṣmiṇā sa śabdavat sthūla-nalaṁ yathā tathā ||

Sañjaya said: With his powerful and excellent war-elephant, he struck down men clad in iron armour and fine ornaments, casting them to the ground along with their horses and their foot-soldiers, and then crushed them. As thick reeds crackle loudly when trampled, so too did those warriors make a harsh, splintering sound as they were crushed—an image that underscores the brutal, dehumanizing force of battle where splendour and protection fail before sheer might.

नरान्men, warriors
नरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कार्ष्णायस-वर्म-भूषणान्those having iron armor and ornaments
कार्ष्णायस-वर्म-भूषणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्ष्णायसवर्मभूषण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
निपात्यhaving felled, after throwing down
निपात्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनि+पत्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
स-अश्वान्together with (their) horses
स-अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पत्तिभिःwith foot-soldiers
पत्तिभिः:
Saha (associated)
TypeNoun
Rootपत्ति
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
व्यपोथयत्he crushed/ground down, he trampled
व्यपोथयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि+अप+उथ् (व्यपोथयति)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दन्ति-वरेणby the best elephant
दन्ति-वरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदन्तिवर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शुष्मिणाpowerful, vigorous
शुष्मिणा:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशुष्मिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (स)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शब्दवत्with sound, noisily
शब्दवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशब्दवत्
स्थूल-नलम्a thick reed (cane)
स्थूल-नलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्थूलनल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
तथाso, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
W
war-elephant (dantivara)
I
iron armour (kārṣṇāyasa-varman)
O
ornaments (bhūṣaṇa)
H
horses (aśva)
I
infantry/foot-soldiers (patti)
T
thick reeds/canes (sthūla-nala)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the fragility of external protections—armour and ornaments—before overwhelming force, and evokes the ethical gravity of war: in the chaos of battle, human beings can be reduced to objects of destruction, prompting reflection on the cost of kṣatriya conflict and the impermanence of worldly splendour.

Sañjaya describes a warrior’s elephant-charge: the powerful elephant knocks down armoured fighters along with their horses and accompanying infantry, then tramples them. The crushing is compared to thick reeds being stomped, producing a crackling sound.