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Shloka 39

Chapter 12: Arjuna’s suppression of the Saṃśaptakas and duel with Aśvatthāmā

Drauṇi

संनिवार्यात्मनो नागं क्षेमधूर्ति: प्रतापवान्‌ विव्याधाभिद्रुतं बाणैरभीमसेनस्यथ कुज्जरम्‌,उस समय प्रतापी क्षेमधूर्तिने अपने हाथीको किसी प्रकार रोककर सामने आते हुए भीमसेनके हाथीको बाणोंसे बींध डाला

sannivāryātmano nāgaṃ kṣemadhūrtiḥ pratāpavān | vivyādhābhidrutaṃ bāṇair bhīmasenasya atha kuñjaram ||

Sañjaya said: The valiant Kṣemadhūrti, somehow restraining his own elephant, pierced with arrows the elephant of Bhīmasena as it charged forward. The scene underscores the battlefield ethic of controlled skill—mastery over one’s mount and senses—directed toward decisive action amid the fury of war.

संनिवार्यhaving restrained/checked
संनिवार्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-नि-√वृ (निवारणे)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
आत्मनःof his own
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
नागम्elephant
नागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
क्षेमधूर्तिःKṣemadhūrti (proper name)
क्षेमधूर्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेमधूर्ति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतापवान्mighty, valorous
प्रतापवान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतापवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विव्याधpierced, struck
विव्याध:
TypeVerb
Root√व्यध् (वेधने)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अभिद्रुतम्rushing forward/charging
अभिद्रुतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√द्रु (गत्यर्थे)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
बाणैःwith arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
भीमसेनस्यof Bhīmasena
भीमसेनस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अथthen, and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
कुञ्जरम्elephant
कुञ्जरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुञ्जर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṣemadhūrti
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
W
war-elephant (nāga/kuñjara)
A
arrows (bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

Even in violent conflict, the text highlights disciplined agency: Kṣemadhūrti first restrains his own elephant (self-mastery and control of instruments) and then acts with focused martial effectiveness. The implied ethic is that power in war is meant to be governed by restraint and skill, not mere frenzy.

Sañjaya reports that Kṣemadhūrti, after checking his own elephant, shoots arrows at the onrushing elephant of Bhīmasena, wounding it—an episode within the larger elephant-and-chariot engagements of the Karṇa Parva battle.