Shloka 8

अकिक्रान्ते हि कौन्तेये भित्त्वा सैन्यं परंतप । जयद्रथस्य गोप्तार: संशयं परमं गता:,त्वरन्नेकरथेनैव समेत्य द्रोणमब्रवीत्‌ । संजय कहते हैं--राजन्‌! तदनन्तर जब कुन्तीकुमार अर्जुन सिन्धुराज जयद्रथका वध करनेकी इच्छासे द्रोणाचार्य और कृतवर्माका दुस्तर सेना-व्यूह भेदन करके आपकी सेनामें प्रविष्ट हो गये और सव्यसाची अर्जुनके हाथसे जब काम्बोजराजकुमार सुदक्षिण तथा पराक्रमी श्रुतायुध मार दिये गये तथा जब सारी सेनाएँ नष्ट-भ्रष्ट होकर चारों ओर भाग खड़ी हुईं, उस समय अपनी सम्पूर्ण सेनामें भगदड़ मची देख आपका पुत्र दुर्योधन बड़ी उतावलीके साथ एकमात्र रथके द्वारा द्रोणाचार्यके पास गया और उनसे मिलकर इस प्रकार बोला-- 'शत्रुओंको संताप देनेवाले आचार्य! जबसे कुन्तीकुमार अर्जुन आपकी सेनाका व्यूह भेदकर आपको भी लाँघकर आगे चले गये हैं, तबसे जयद्रथकी रक्षा करनेवाले योद्धा महान्‌ संशयमें पड़ गये हैं

sañjaya uvāca |

akikrānte hi kaunteye bhittvā sainyaṃ paraṃtapa |

jayadrathasya goptāraḥ saṃśayaṃ paramaṃ gatāḥ |

tvarann ekarathenaiva sametya droṇam abravīt |

Sañjaya said: “O scorcher of foes (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), when Arjuna, son of Kuntī, had pressed forward—having broken through the army—those appointed to guard Jayadratha fell into the deepest doubt. Then Duryodhana, hurrying in a single chariot, went to Droṇa, met him, and spoke.” In context, the verse highlights the moral pressure of command in war: when a vowed objective (Arjuna’s resolve to slay Jayadratha) pierces strategic defenses, protectors waver, and leaders resort to urgent counsel—revealing how fear and uncertainty can destabilize even a well-ordered force.

अतिक्रान्तेwhen (he) had crossed/overstepped
अतिक्रान्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअतिक्रान्त (अति+क्रम्)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
कौन्तेयेin/when the son of Kunti (Arjuna)
कौन्तेये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकौन्तेय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भित्त्वाhaving broken/cleft
भित्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
सैन्यम्the army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परंतपO scorcher of foes
परंतप:
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जयद्रथस्यof Jayadratha
जयद्रथस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootजयद्रथ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
गोप्तारःprotectors/guardians
गोप्तारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगोप्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
संशयम्doubt
संशयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परमम्great/utmost
परमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गताःhave gone/entered (into)
गताः:
TypeVerb
Rootगत (गम्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्वरन्hastening
त्वरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootत्वर्
FormPresent participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
एकरथेनwith a single chariot
एकरथेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootएकरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
समेत्यhaving approached/met
समेत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+इ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
द्रोणम्Drona
द्रोणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (paraṃtapa, addressee)
A
Arjuna (Kaunteya)
J
Jayadratha
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
D
Duryodhana
A
army (sainya)
S
single chariot (ekaratha)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how quickly morale and certainty collapse when a determined adversary breaches defenses; leadership is tested under crisis, and strategic duty (protecting Jayadratha) becomes ethically and psychologically fraught amid fear and urgency.

Arjuna has broken through the Kaurava army to reach Jayadratha; the warriors assigned to guard Jayadratha become deeply uncertain. Duryodhana, alarmed, rushes alone in his chariot to Droṇa and begins to address him for immediate action.