Shloka 12

यथाशक्ति च ते ब्रह्मन्‌ वर्तये वृत्तिमुत्तमाम्‌ । प्रीणामि च यथाशक्ति तच्च त्वं नावबुध्यसे,त्वरन्नेकरथेनैव समेत्य द्रोणमब्रवीत्‌ । संजय कहते हैं--राजन्‌! तदनन्तर जब कुन्तीकुमार अर्जुन सिन्धुराज जयद्रथका वध करनेकी इच्छासे द्रोणाचार्य और कृतवर्माका दुस्तर सेना-व्यूह भेदन करके आपकी सेनामें प्रविष्ट हो गये और सव्यसाची अर्जुनके हाथसे जब काम्बोजराजकुमार सुदक्षिण तथा पराक्रमी श्रुतायुध मार दिये गये तथा जब सारी सेनाएँ नष्ट-भ्रष्ट होकर चारों ओर भाग खड़ी हुईं, उस समय अपनी सम्पूर्ण सेनामें भगदड़ मची देख आपका पुत्र दुर्योधन बड़ी उतावलीके साथ एकमात्र रथके द्वारा द्रोणाचार्यके पास गया और उनसे मिलकर इस प्रकार बोला-- “विप्रवर! मैं यथाशक्ति आपके लिये उत्तम जीविकावृत्तिकी व्यवस्था करता रहता हूँ और अपनी शक्तिभर आपको प्रसन्न रखनेकी चेष्टा करता रहता हूँ; परंतु इन सब बातोंको आप याद नहीं रखते हैं

yathāśakti ca te brahman vartaye vṛttim uttamām | prīṇāmi ca yathāśakti tac ca tvaṁ nāvabudhyase | tvarann ekarathenaiva sametya droṇam abravīt |

Sañjaya said: “O King! Then your son, hurrying in great agitation, went alone in a single chariot to Droṇa and addressed him: ‘O best of Brahmins, to the best of my ability I provide you with an excellent livelihood and, as far as I can, I strive to keep you pleased; yet you do not seem to recognize or remember this.’”

यथाas, according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
शक्तिability, capacity
शक्ति:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative (used adverbially), Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
ब्रह्मन्O Brahmin (sir)
ब्रह्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वर्तयेI maintain, I provide/arrange
वर्तये:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (वर्तयति)
FormPresent, 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
वृत्तिम्livelihood, maintenance
वृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उत्तमाम्excellent, best
उत्तमाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रीणामिI please, I gratify
प्रीणामि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्री (प्रीणाति)
FormPresent, 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यथाas, according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
शक्तिto the best of (my) ability
शक्ति:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative (used adverbially), Singular
तत्that (fact/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवबुध्यसेyou understand/recognize
अवबुध्यसे:
TypeVerb
Rootअव + बुध्
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Atmanepada
त्वरन्hastening
त्वरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootत्वर्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
एकwith one, single
एक:
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
रथेनby/with a chariot
रथेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
समेत्यhaving approached/met
समेत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + इ (इत्य)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
द्रोणम्Drona
द्रोणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said, spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Duryodhana
D
Droṇa

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension between material patronage and moral duty: Duryodhana frames support and attempts to please Droṇa as a claim upon Droṇa’s loyalty. It implicitly raises a dharmic question—whether gratitude for maintenance should override impartial righteousness and a teacher’s responsibility to act justly.

In Sañjaya’s report to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Duryodhana—alarmed by the battlefield situation—rushes alone to Droṇa and complains that despite providing Droṇa with livelihood and honors to the best of his ability, Droṇa does not seem to acknowledge it, implying dissatisfaction with Droṇa’s performance or commitment.