Shloka 40
Devanagari script
एकाह्वाहममर्ष च सर्वदु:खानि चैव ह
Transliteration
ekāhvāham amarṣa ca sarvaduḥkhāni caiva ha
Translation
Sañjaya said: “I endured the whole day’s provocation and resentment, and indeed all the sorrows as well.”
Word by Word
एकाह्वाsingle combat (one-on-one challenge)
एकाह्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootएकाह्वा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
अमर्षintolerance; anger; resentment
अमर्ष:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअमर्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
सर्वदुःखानिall sorrows
सर्वदुःखानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वदुःख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हindeed (emphatic particle)
ह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The line highlights endurance under provocation: resentment (amarṣa) and suffering (duḥkha) arise together in war, and the ethical challenge is to bear them without being driven into further wrongdoing.
Sañjaya, narrating events to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, summarizes his experience of a day marked by provocation and the accumulation of grief—an observer’s compressed report of the emotional toll of the battle.