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Shloka 18

अभिमन्योरावरणम्

Encirclement and counter-strikes of Abhimanyu

लक्ष्मणं निहतं दृष्टवा हाहेत्युच्चुक्रुशुर्जना: । ततो दुर्योधन: क्रुद्धः प्रिये पुत्रे निपातिते

lakṣmaṇaṁ nihataṁ dṛṣṭvā hāhety uccukruśur janāḥ | tato duryodhanaḥ kruddhaḥ priye putre nipātite ||

Sañjaya said: Seeing Lakṣmaṇa slain, the people cried out, “Alas! Alas!” Then Duryodhana, enraged at the fall of his beloved son, was overcome by grief-fueled wrath—an emotion that, in war, often drives men from judgment into further violence.

लक्ष्मणम्Lakshmana (as object)
लक्ष्मणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलक्ष्मण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निहतम्slain
निहतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-हन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
हाहेति"Alas!" thus
हाहेति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहा हा इति
उच्चुक्रुशुःcried out
उच्चुक्रुशुः:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-क्रुश्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रुद्धःangry
क्रुद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुध्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रियेin/with regard to (his) dear
प्रिये:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पुत्रेson
पुत्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
निपातितेwhen (he) had been struck down
निपातिते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-पत् (causative: निपातयति)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
L
Lakṣmaṇa
D
Duryodhana
J
janāḥ (the people/onlookers)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how attachment (to a beloved son) intensifies grief into anger, and how such anger can eclipse discernment in the midst of war—showing the ethical danger of letting personal loss dictate violent action.

After Lakṣmaṇa is seen slain, the assembled people cry out in lamentation. Duryodhana, hearing/seeing this and realizing his dear son has fallen, becomes furious, setting the stage for retaliatory resolve and escalation.