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Shloka 5

सैन्धवविक्रमवर्णनम् / Description of Jayadratha’s Martial Display

तान्‌ दृष्टवा द्रवत: शूरांस्त्ववीया विमुखा5भवन्‌,अभ्यद्रवन्‌ परीप्सन्तो व्यूढानीका: प्रहारिण: । संजयने कहा--राजन! युधिष्ठिर, भीमसेन, शिखण्डी, सात्यकि, नकुल-सहदेव, धष्टद्युम्न, विराट, द्रपद, केकय-राजकुमार, रोषमें भरा हुआ धृष्टकेतु तथा मत्स्यदेशीय योद्धा --ये सब-के-सब युद्धस्थलमें आगे बढ़े। अभिमन्युके ताऊ, चाचा तथा मामागण अपनी सेनाको व्यूहद्वारा संगठित करके प्रहार करनेके लिये उद्यत हो अभिमन्युकी रक्षाके लिये उसीके बनाये हुए मार्गसे व्यूहमें जानेके उद्देश्यसे एक साथ दौड़ पड़े उन शूरवीरोंको आक्रमण करते देख आपके सैनिक भाग खड़े हुए। आपके पुत्रकी विशाल सेनाको रणसे विमुख हुई देख उसे स्थिरतापूर्वक स्थापित करनेकी इच्छासे आपका तेजस्वी जामाता जयद्रथ वहाँ दौड़ा हुआ आया

tān dṛṣṭvā dravataḥ śūrāṁs tvavīyā vimukhābhavan | abhyadravan parīpsanto vyūḍhānīkāḥ prahāriṇaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Seeing those heroes rushing forward, your troops turned away and fled. Then the assailants—fighters with their forces drawn up in battle-array—charged ahead, intent on entering the formation and striking, seeking to press through along the path that had been made.

तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
द्रवत:running / rushing
द्रवत::
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootद्रवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शूरान्heroes, warriors
शूरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
त्ववीया:your (men)
त्ववीया::
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वदीय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विमुखा:turned away, retreating
विमुखा::
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविमुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अभवन्became
अभवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
अभ्यद्रवन्ran towards, charged
अभ्यद्रवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada, अभि-
परीप्सन्त:desiring to obtain / seeking
परीप्सन्त::
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरीप्स्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Parasmaipada
व्यूढarrayed, arranged
व्यूढ:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यूढ
Formक्त (past passive participle from √व्यूह/वह् in sense 'to arrange'), Neuter, Accusative, Plural
अनीकाःarmies, divisions
अनीकाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
प्रहारिणःstrikers, attackers
प्रहारिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रहारिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Y
your troops (Kaurava soldiers)
T
the rushing heroes (Pandava-side warriors, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how quickly an army’s morale can collapse when confronted by determined, well-organized attackers; courage and disciplined formation (vyūha) become decisive ethical and practical factors in war, while leaders must stabilize wavering troops.

Sañjaya reports that when the opposing heroes surged forward, the Kaurava soldiers lost heart and fled; the attackers, with their forces arranged in battle-array, pressed on aggressively, seeking to penetrate the formation and strike.