Shloka 3

Adhyāya 40 (Book 7, Droṇa-parva): Abhimanyu’s Rapid Advance and Battlefield Disruption

Devanagari script

यत्‌ सभायां त्वया राज्ञो धृतराष्ट्रस्य शृण्वत: । कोपित: परुषैर्वाक्यैर्थर्मराजो युधिछ्िर:

Transliteration

yat sabhāyāṃ tvayā rājño dhṛtarāṣṭrasya śṛṇvataḥ | kopitaḥ paruṣair vākyair dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: “That very incident—when, in the royal assembly, with King Dhṛtarāṣṭra listening, you provoked Dharmarāja Yudhiṣṭhira with harsh words—(is now bearing its consequences).”

Word by Word

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• सभायाम्: in the assembly
• सभायाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सभा
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्
• Form: —, Instrumental, Singular

• राज्ञः: of the king
• राज्ञः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• धृतराष्ट्रस्य: of Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• धृतराष्ट्रस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: धृतराष्ट्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• शृण्वतः: while (he was) listening / of (him) listening
• शृण्वतः: Sambandha
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• कोपितः: angered
• कोपितः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कुप्
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परुषैः: by harsh
• परुषैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परुष
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• वाक्यैः: words/speeches
• वाक्यैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• धर्मराजः: Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• धर्मराजः: Karta
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: धर्मराज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• युधिष्ठिरः: Yudhiṣṭhira
• युधिष्ठिरः: Karta
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja)
• sabhā (royal assembly)