Shloka 23

कस्तां सेनां तदा पार्थ मनसापि प्रधर्षयेत्‌ । ऋते देवान्महेष्वासाद्‌ बहुरूपान्महेश्वरात्‌,कुन्तीनन्दन! उस रोमांचकारी घोर संग्राममें अश्वत्थामा, कर्ण और कृपाचार्य आदि प्रहारकुशल बड़े-बड़े धनुर्धरोंसे सुरक्षित उस कौरव-सेनाको उस समय बहुरूपधारी महाधनुर्धर भगवान्‌ महेश्वरके सिवा दूसरा कौन मनसे भी नष्ट कर सकता था

kas tāṁ senāṁ tadā pārtha manasāpi pradharṣayet | ṛte devān maheṣvāsād bahurūpān maheśvarāt ||

Vyāsa said: “O Pārtha, who at that time could even in thought overpower that army—protected by mighty, strike-skilled bowmen such as Aśvatthāmā, Karṇa, and Kṛpācārya—except the many-formed Lord Maheśvara, the great archer among the gods?” The verse underscores the terrifying strength of the Kaurava host and frames its near-invincibility as something only a divine power could subdue, reminding the listener of the limits of human prowess amid adharma-driven slaughter.

कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ताम्that
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सेनाम्army
सेनाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मनसाby mind
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अपिeven
अपि:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
प्रधर्षयेत्could overpower/assail
प्रधर्षयेत्:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-धृष्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ऋतेexcept/without
ऋते:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋते
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
महेष्वासात्from the great bowman
महेष्वासात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमहेष्वास
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
बहुरूपात्from the many-formed one
बहुरूपात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुरूप
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
महेश्वरात्from Maheshvara (Shiva)
महेश्वरात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमहेश्वर
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
कुन्तीनन्दनO son of Kunti
कुन्तीनन्दन:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्तीनन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
A
Aśvatthāmā
K
Karṇa
K
Kṛpācārya
K
Kaurava army
M
Maheśvara (Śiva)
D
Devas (gods)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the limits of human strength in the face of overwhelming, well-protected military power, implying that certain outcomes in war—especially when driven by destructive momentum—seem conquerable only by divine agency. Ethically, it cautions against pride in mere martial capability and points to a larger cosmic order governing victory and ruin.

Vyāsa addresses Arjuna (Pārtha) and describes the Kaurava host as terrifyingly formidable, guarded by elite archers like Aśvatthāmā, Karṇa, and Kṛpa. He rhetorically asks who could subdue such an army even in thought, answering that only Maheśvara (Śiva), the many-formed great divine archer, could do so.