Shloka 15

Devanagari script

तमब्रवीद्‌ वासुदेव: किमिदं पाण्डुनन्दन । वार्यमाणो5पि कौन्तेय यद्‌ युद्धान्न निवर्तसे

Transliteration

tam abravīd vāsudevaḥ kim idaṃ pāṇḍunandana | vāryamāṇo 'pi kaunteya yad yuddhān na nivartase ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Vāsudeva addressed him, “What is this, O joy of the Pāṇḍus? O son of Kuntī, even though you are being restrained and urged to desist, why do you not turn back from the battle?” The question presses the ethical tension between counsel meant to avert bloodshed and the warrior’s resolve to stand by his chosen duty in the face of persuasion.

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• अब्रवीत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• वासुदेवः: Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
• वासुदेवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वासुदेव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• किम्: what?
• किम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• पाण्डुनन्दन: O son of Pāṇḍu
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डुनन्दन
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• वार्यमाणः: being restrained/being dissuaded
• Type: Participle
• Root: वार्यमाण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive, Present

• अपि: even/though
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• कौन्तेय: O son of Kuntī
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौन्तेय
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• यत्: that which / because (of which)
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• युद्धात्: from the battle
• युद्धात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• निवर्तसे: you turn back/withdraw
• Type: Verb
• Root: निवृत्
• Form: Present (Laṭ), 2nd, Singular, Ātmanepada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
• Pāṇḍunandana (a Pāṇḍava)
• Kaunteya (son of Kuntī)
• yuddha (battle)