Shloka 45

Devanagari script

संजय उवाच एवमादीनि वाक्यानि क्रूराणि परुषाणि च

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca evamādīni vākyāni krūrāṇi paruṣāṇi ca

Translation

Sañjaya said: Thus were spoken words of this kind—cruel and harsh—revealing how, amid the fury of war, speech itself becomes a weapon that wounds and degrades, departing from restraint and righteous conduct.

Word by Word

• संजयः: Sanjaya
• संजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• एवम्-आदीनि: such and similar (beginning with 'thus')
• एवम्-आदीनि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एवम्-आदि
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• वाक्यानि: words; statements
• वाक्यानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• क्रूराणि: cruel
• क्रूराणि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रूर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• परुषाणि: harsh; rough
• परुषाणि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परुष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya