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Shloka 29

किमियं द्रवते सेना त्रस्तरूपेव भारत । द्रवमाणां च राजेन्द्र नावस्थापयसे रणे,“भरतनन्दन! क्यों यह सेना भयभीत-सी होकर भागी जा रही है? राजेन्द्र! इस भागती हुई सेनाको आप युद्धमें ठहरानेका प्रयत्न क्यों नहीं करते?

kim iyaṁ dravate senā trastarūpeva bhārata | dravamāṇāṁ ca rājendra nāvasthāpayase raṇe ||

Sañjaya said: “O Bhārata, why is this army fleeing as if seized by terror? And you, O king of kings—why do you not try to halt these running troops in the midst of battle?”

किम्why/what
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
इयम्this
इयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
द्रवतेruns/flees
द्रवते:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु (द्रवति)
Formpresent, 3rd, singular, Atmanepada
सेनाarmy
सेना:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
त्रस्त-रूपाhaving a frightened appearance
त्रस्त-रूपा:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रस्त (ppp of त्रस्) + रूप
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
द्रवमाणाम्fleeing/running
द्रवमाणाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootद्रवमाण (pres. act. participle of द्रु)
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
राजेन्द्रO king of kings
राजेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootराजेन्द्र
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
not/why not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवस्थापयसिyou cause to stand/you restrain
अवस्थापयसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-स्था (causative: अवस्थापयति)
Formpresent, 2nd, singular, Parasmaipada
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
Formmasculine, locative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by vocatives bhārata, rājendra)
K
Kaurava army (senā)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical demand of leadership in crisis: a ruler must not remain passive when collective fear spreads. In the kṣatriya context, steadiness, command, and the ability to rally troops are treated as duties tied to responsibility for others.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the army is breaking ranks and fleeing in terror. He challenges the king’s inaction, asking why Dhṛtarāṣṭra does not attempt to stop and re-stabilize the retreating forces amid the battle.