Shloka 79

Devanagari script

स दृष्टवा पुनरायान्तं रथेन रथिनां वरम्‌

Transliteration

sa dṛṣṭvā punarāyāntaṃ rathena rathināṃ varam

Translation

Sañjaya said: Seeing that foremost of chariot-warriors returning again in his chariot, the onlookers recognized a renewed surge in the battle’s momentum—where valor and resolve, for good or ill, drive men back into the fray.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for ktvā)

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• आयान्तम्: coming/approaching
• आयान्तम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + या
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• रथेन: by/with a chariot
• रथेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• रथिनाम्: of chariot-warriors
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथिन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• वरम्: the best, the foremost
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• ratha (chariot)
• rathin (chariot-warrior)