Shloka 3

Devanagari script

धृष्टद्युम्नम थायान्तं द्रोणस्थान्तचिकीर्षया । परिवत्रुर्महाराज पञ्चाला: पाण्डवै: सह,महाराज! द्रोणाचार्यका अन्त करनेकी इच्छासे आते हुए धृष्टद्युम्नको पाण्डवोंसहित पांचालोंने घेरकर अपने बीचमें कर लिया

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca |

dhṛṣṭadyumnam athāyāntaṃ droṇasthāntacikīrṣayā |

parivavruḥ mahārāja pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: O great king, as Dhṛṣṭadyumna advanced with the intent to bring about Droṇa’s end, the Pāñcālas—together with the Pāṇḍavas—surrounded him and kept him in their midst, shielding their chosen slayer while pressing the war’s grim necessity forward.

Word by Word

• धृष्टद्युम्नम्: Dhrishtadyumna (as object)
• धृष्टद्युम्नम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृष्टद्युम्न
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अथ: then/now
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• आयान्तम्: coming/approaching
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• द्रोणस्य: of Drona
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• अन्तम्: end/death
• अन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्त
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• चिकीर्षया: with the intention/desire (to do)
• चिकीर्षया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: चिकीर्षा
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• परिवव्रुः: they surrounded/encircled
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + वॄ (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• पञ्चालाः: the Panchalas
• पञ्चालाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्चाल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पाण्डवैः: with the Pandavas
• पाण्डवैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सह: together with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• Droṇācārya (Droṇa)
• Pāñcālas
• Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how, in war, collective duty and strategy can converge: allies protect a pivotal agent of a difficult act (the intended slaying of Droṇa). It implicitly raises the ethical tension between reverence for a teacher and the perceived necessity of ending a formidable commander to restore justice.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dhṛṣṭadyumna advances intending to kill Droṇa. The Pāñcālas, joined by the Pāṇḍavas, form a protective encirclement around Dhṛṣṭadyumna, keeping him in their center as they move against Droṇa.