Shloka 47
द्रौणिप्रतिज्ञा–नारायणास्त्रवर्णनम्
Drauṇi’s Vow and the Description of the Nārāyaṇāstra
Devanagari script
ततः प्रववृते युद्ध तव तेषां च भारत । निशीथे दारुणे काले यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम्,भारत! तदनन्तर उस भयंकर निशीथकालमें आपके पुत्र और द्रौपदीपुत्रोंका घोर युद्ध आरम्भ हुआ, जो यमराजके राज्यकी वृद्धि करनेवाला था
Transliteration
tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ tava teṣāṃ ca bhārata | niśīthe dāruṇe kāle yamarāṣṭravivardhanam ||
Translation
Sañjaya said: Then, O Bhārata, a battle began between your sons and those warriors—at the dreadful hour of midnight—one that would only swell the realm of Yama, the Lord of Death. The narrative underscores how war, when driven by vengeance and rivalry, ripens into a harvest of death rather than a victory aligned with dharma.
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
FormAvyaya
प्रववृतेbegan, commenced
प्रववृते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + √वृत् (वर्तते)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, singular, Parasmaipada
युद्धम्battle, war
युद्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तवof you, your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (त्वद्-आदेश)
FormGenitive, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
FormAvyaya
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
निशीथेat midnight
निशीथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिशीथ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दारुणेterrible, dreadful
दारुणे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular (agreeing with निशीथे)
कालेat the time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम्increasing Yama's realm (i.e., causing many deaths)
यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootयम-राष्ट्र-विवर्धन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular (agreeing with युद्धम्)
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaD
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'Bhārata')K
Kauravas (your sons)P
Pāṇḍavas' side (implied opponents)Y
YamaVerse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes