Shloka 59

भीमसेन-धृष्टद्युम्नयोर्वाक्यं

Bhīmasena and Dhṛṣṭadyumna’s Speeches on Kṣātra-Dharma

Devanagari script

ततो भीमो हतं मत्वा तव पुत्र महारथम्‌

Transliteration

tato bhīmo hataṁ matvā tava putra mahāratham

Translation

Sañjaya said: Then Bhīma, believing your son—the great chariot-warrior—to have been slain, reacted on that assumption amid the turmoil of battle, where perception and report can swiftly shape decisive action.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद्
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereupon')

• भीमः: Bhima
• भीमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• हतम्: killed, slain
• हतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन्
• Form: Neuter, accusative, singular; past passive participle (kta)

• मत्वा: having thought/considered
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन्
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable; 'having thought/considered'

• तव: your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, singular (2nd person pronoun)

• पुत्रम्: son
• पुत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, accusative, singular

• महारथम्: great chariot-warrior
• महारथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, accusative, singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīma
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'tava')
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son (unspecified here)
• mahāratha (warrior rank)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line highlights how, in war, belief and incomplete information can drive immediate decisions; ethically, it points to the danger of acting on assumption (matvā) and the moral weight carried by judgments made amid confusion.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Bhīma comes to believe that Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son, a renowned mahāratha, has been killed; this belief sets up Bhīma’s next response and the ensuing actions in the battle episode.