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Shloka 32

अध्याय १५९ — रात्रौ श्रमविरामः

Night Exhaustion and Brief Pause in Battle

सैन्यानि द्रावयन्तं त॑ द्रोणो दृष्टवा युधिष्ठिरम्‌ । चोदितस्तव पुत्रेण सायकैरभ्यवाकिरत्‌,द्रोणाचार्यने युधिष्ठिको अपनी सेनाओंको खदेड़ते देख आपके पुत्र दुर्योधनसे प्रेरित होकर उनपर बाणोंकी वर्षा आरम्भ कर दी

saīnyāni drāvayantaṃ taṃ droṇo dṛṣṭvā yudhiṣṭhiram | coditas tava putreṇa sāyakair abhyavākirat ||

Sañjaya said: Seeing Yudhiṣṭhira driving the armies into flight, Droṇa—spurred on by your son (Duryodhana)—poured a shower of arrows upon him. The scene underscores how, in the heat of war, even revered teachers are drawn into intensified violence under the pressure of royal command and battlefield urgency.

सैन्यानिarmies, troops
सैन्यानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
द्रावयन्तम्driving away, routing
द्रावयन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootद्रावय (√द्रु + णिच्)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्रोणःDrona
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√दृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
युधिष्ठिरम्Yudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चोदितःurged, impelled
चोदितः:
TypeVerb
Root√चुद्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
पुत्रेणby (your) son
पुत्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सायकैःwith arrows
सायकैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसायक
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अभ्यवाकिरत्showered (upon), covered with a hail (of arrows)
अभ्यवाकिरत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-आ-√कॄ (किरति)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Duryodhana
A
armies (sainyāni)
A
arrows (sāyakāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how battlefield dharma is shaped by roles and pressures: a commander and revered teacher like Droṇa intensifies combat when urged by the king, showing the ethical tension between personal restraint and obedience to wartime duty.

Yudhiṣṭhira is routing troops; Droṇa notices this and, prompted by Duryodhana, counters by raining arrows on Yudhiṣṭhira to halt his momentum.